NMR Spectrum:

The following spectral features of the ¹H-NMR and the structural information available from that.  Spectral data gives the information about the following important aspects of a molecule.

i) The number of different signals in the ¹H-NMR spectrum indicates about the different types of protons present in the molecule.

ii) The position of the signals that is their chemical shift values and tells about the electronic environment of a particular proton. The chemical shifts of various kinds of protons are given in Figure.

Figure:   Range of Chemical shift values for different types of protons

iii) The area under the peaks acquired from the integrals for the signals of several kinds of protons gives information about the ratio of the numbers of different types of protons present in a molecule.

iv) The spin-spin splitting pattern of a particular signal provides information about the number of neighbouring protons present around the given categories of protons.