General Approaches:
There are two general approaches for evolving a supply-chain-management environment
Internal Integration
1. Integrated system (for example ERP solutions such as SAP R/3).
2. Link functions such as, purchasing, finance, inventory, manufacturing, marketing, etc.
3. Shared data and integrated procedure.
Intra-firm Integration
1. Inter organizational information system, such like, extranet.
2. Link firm's systems along with external entities-suppliers, retailers, distributors etc.
3. Shared data and integrated processes.
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Figure: Steven's Model for Integration of Supply Chain