Equivalency of Exchange:

It is well known that in the process, an equivalency of ion exchange is established. It amounts to the fact that as many ion equivalents of one charge must enter the resin phases as leave it during a reaction process. But there are a number of things which occur in an ion exchange to make it appear otherwise. The simplest case is that of an acid or base neutralization in which the effluent contains only water. There is another example where precipitates may form and be filtered out on the resin. Then too, many substances are physically adsorbed or occluded in the resin at least temporarily; e.g. organic acids and amines. Even so, material balances on an equivalent basis are commonly fairly easy to obtain for an ion exchange processes.