Electric field:

The electric field of an infinite line charge with the uniform linear charge density can be obtained by using Gauss' law. By considering a Gaussian surface in the form of cylinder at radius r, the electric field has the same magnitude at every point of cylinder and is directed outward. The electric field can be obtained by using Coulomb's Law, or Gauss's Law, or by finding the negative of the gradient of the electrical potential in the space surrounding the charge.

It is derived from a vector and scalar potential, and the magnetic field is derived from the same vector potential. The electric field from a positive charge points away from charge; the electric field from the negative charge points toward the charge.

 Similar to the electric force, the electric field E is also a vector. If the electric field at a particular point is known, the force a charge q experiences when it is placed at that particular point is given by :

F = qE If q is positive,

the force is in the same direction as field; if q is negative in nature, the force is in the opposite direction as the field. The electric flux is then just the electric field times area of the cylinder, an electric field is a property that describes the space that surrounds electrically charged particles or that which is in the presence of a time-varying magnetic field. This electric field exerts force on the other electrically charged objects. Electric fields contain electrical energy with the energy density proportional to square of the field amplitude. The electric field is to charge as the gravitational acceleration is to mass and force density is to volume. An electric field which changes with time will influence the magnetic field of that region of space.