Protocols in TCP/IP Protocol Suite

A Process/Application layer protocol addresses the capability of one application to communicate within another, regardless of hardware platforms, OS and other characteristics of the two hosts.

Host - to - Host Layer Protocols

Host-to-Host layer protocols shield the upper layer protocols from the complexities of the network. The two protocols are which Host to Host layer includes:

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - This protocol tests for errors, resends data if   must and reports the occurrence of errors to the upper layers if it cannot maintain to solve the problem itself. The protocol takes huge amounts of information from an application and breaks them down into elements.

User Datagram Protocol (UDP) - This protocol is used alter of TCP. The UDP is considered as a thin protocol because it does not occupy much space over the network.