Grating Monochromators:

A grating is made through cutting or etching a series of closely spaced parallel grooves on the smooth reflective surface of a solid material as display in Figure (a). The surface is made reflective through making a thin film of aluminium on it and the etching is completed along with the help of a suitably shaped diamond tool. The intensity of radiation reflected through a grating varies with the wavelength, the wavelength of maximum intensity being dependent on the angle from that the radiation is reflected from the surface of the line of the grating as shown in next Figure.

Figure: Diffraction of Radiation by a grating