Hand Mixing:

Hand mixing is performed on an impervious, leveled and rigid platform for which the measured quantity of coarse aggregate and sand is evenly spread in alternate layers and the measured quantity of cement is spread over it. This spread mass of concrete ingredients is then mixed uniformly in dry state. After mixing it uniformly, this dry mix is now evenly spread in about 200 mm thickness. The measured quantity of water is then applied with a sprinkler and simultaneously, mixing is carried out by turning the mix over and over. The mixing is done until the homogeneous concrete mix of uniform appearance with good consistency is obtained. In case of hand mixing it is suggested to take about 10% extra quantity of cement. Hand mixing is used only for very small works, as concrete mixers are very common now-a-days.