Distinguish among osmosis and reverse osmosis:

Osmosis is a process within which pure solvent permeates by a semipermeable membrane while a pure solvent is separated from a solution through a semipermeable membrane. This occurs because of the difference in chemical potential gradient that is higher for pure solvent than in solution. Osmosis will occur when two solutions along with different solute concentrations are separated through a semipermeable membrane and the flow of solvent will be from lower solute concentration side to higher solute concentration side. Reverse osmosis procedures is an extension of osmosis process wherein solvent is allowed to flow from the solution through the application of pressure in excess of the osmotic pressure of the solution.

Dialysis process is driven through concentration gradient and includes molecular diffusion of solutes, ionic as well as nonionic. Electrodialysis process is driven through electrical potential gradient and includes mainly electrical migration of ions of either charge.