Matrix:
We describe a matrix as any rectangular array of numbers. Examples of matrices may be created from the coefficients and constants of a system of linear equations: that is,
2x - 4y = 7
3x + y = 16
can be written as given below.
![1873_Matrix.png](https://www.expertsmind.com/CMSImages/1873_Matrix.png)
The numbers used in the matrix are known as elements. In the example given, we have three columns & two rows of elements. The number of rows & columns are used to determine the dimensions of the matrix. In our instance, the dimensions of the matrix are 2 x 3, having 2 rows and 3 columns of elements. In common, the dimensions of a matrix that have m rows and n columns is known an m x n matrix.
A matrix with only a single row or a single column is known either a row or a column matrix. A matrix that has the similar number of rows as columns is known as a square matrix. Examples of matrices and their dimensions are as given below:
![1003_Matrix1.png](https://www.expertsmind.com/CMSImages/1003_Matrix1.png)
We always will use capital letters to describe matrices. We will also involved subscripts to give the dimensions.
![1080_Matrix2.png](https://www.expertsmind.com/CMSImages/1080_Matrix2.png)
Two matrices are said to be equal if, and only if, they have the similar dimensions, and their corresponding elements are equal. The subsequent are all equal matrices:
![182_Matrix3.png](https://www.expertsmind.com/CMSImages/182_Matrix3.png)