Matrix:
We describe a matrix as any rectangular array of numbers. Examples of matrices may be created from the coefficients and constants of a system of linear equations: that is,
2x - 4y = 7
3x + y = 16
can be written as given below.
The numbers used in the matrix are known as elements. In the example given, we have three columns & two rows of elements. The number of rows & columns are used to determine the dimensions of the matrix. In our instance, the dimensions of the matrix are 2 x 3, having 2 rows and 3 columns of elements. In common, the dimensions of a matrix that have m rows and n columns is known an m x n matrix.
A matrix with only a single row or a single column is known either a row or a column matrix. A matrix that has the similar number of rows as columns is known as a square matrix. Examples of matrices and their dimensions are as given below:
We always will use capital letters to describe matrices. We will also involved subscripts to give the dimensions.
Two matrices are said to be equal if, and only if, they have the similar dimensions, and their corresponding elements are equal. The subsequent are all equal matrices:
