Coordinates and Scatter plots

A scatter plot can suggest different kinds of correlations between variables with certain confidence interval. Correlations can be positive (increasing), negative (decreasing), or null (uncorrelated). A scatter plot is used when a variable exists which is under the control of the experimenter. If a parameter exists which is systematically incremented and decremented by the other, it is known as control parameter or independent variable and is customarily plotted along the horizontal axis. If the pattern of dots slopes from the lower left to upper right, it gives a positive correlation in between the variables being studied. If pattern of dots slopes from upper left to lower right, it gives a negative correlation. The measured variable is customarily plotted along the vertical axis. If no dependent variable exists, then the either type of variable can be plotted on either axis and a scatter plot will illustrate the degree of correlation between 2 variables.

A line of best fit (alternatively known as 'trend line') can be drawn in order to study the correlation between the variables. An equation for the correlation between the variables is determined by established best-fit procedures. For a linear correlation, the best-fit procedure is called as linear regression and is ensured to generate a correct solution in a finite time. Unfortunately, no universal best-fit procedure is ensured to generate a correct solution for the arbitrary relationships.

One of the most powerful aspects of a scatter plot, however, it is the ability to show nonlinear relationships between variables. Additionally, if the data is represented by the mixture model of simple relationships, these relationships will be evident visually as the superimposed patterns.

The scatter diagram is one of the main tools of quality control.

A scatter plot is a type of mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for 2 variables for the set of data.

The data is displayed as the collection of points, each having the value of 1 variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis. This kind of plot is known as scatter chart, scatter diagram and scatter graph.

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