Arch

An arch is a structure constructed of wedge-shaped units (bricks or stone), jointed together along with mortar and spanning an opening to support the weight of the wall above it along with other super-imposed loads. Because of wedge-like form, the units support each other; the load tends to make them compact and enables them to transmit the pressure downwards to their supports.

In general along with lintels, the function of an arch is to carry the weight of the structure above the opening. Lintels are simple and simple to construct, although special centering formwork is needed for the construction of an arch. Therefore, arches are constructed while loads are heavy, span is more, strong abutments are available and special architectural appearance is needed.

                                                              Figure: Elements of an Arch