Q: Calculate the voltages Vad , Vac and Vbd.
Solution: We need to calculate Vad & Vac. The circuit may be redrawn like
As seen from the circuit there is only a voltage source among points a & d therefore the voltage Vad will be 12 V. There is no physical closed loop between point a & c we may consider two closed loop acba & acda.
By applying KVL equation for the loop acba
Vac - 4 - 6 = 0
Vac = 10 V
Second loop in which only unknown value is Vac is acda. KVL equation for this loop will be
Vac + 2 - 12 =0
Vac = 10 V
Calculate the value of Vbd yourself.