Q.      Find out the voltage V_ad V_ce in the given network.

Solution:

            We want to determine V_ad  & V _ce. Since there is no physical closed path in between these points the circuit will be redrawn like                                    

 For V_ad

            There are only two paths in which V_ad is the unknown quantity they are adcba & adea.

               For loop adea the KVL equation will be

                                                 V_ad -1V - 4Vx =0

                                                         hear Vx=2V

                                                       V_ad - 1 - 8=0

                                                             V_ad = 9 V

                                    For the loop adcba

                                                    V_ad -12 +2 + 1 = 0

                                                                      V_ad = 9 volts