Advantages of C++

• Data abstraction: Within OOP, the data abstraction is defined as a collection of data and methods (functions).
• Data hiding: Within C++, the class constructs permits declaring data and member functions as a public, private or protected group. An implementation detail of a class can be hidden. This is complete by the data hiding principle.

• Data encapsulation: The internal data (the member data) of a class are first divided from the outside world (the defined class). They are then put with the member functions in a capsule. Instead, encapsulation groups all the pieces of an object into one neat package. It prevents undesired side effects of the member data whenever it is defined out of the class and also protects the intentional misuse of important data. Classes efficiently maintain the complexity of huge programs by encapsulation.
• Inheritance:  C++ permits a programmer to establish hierarchy of classes.  A derivation of classes is used for building hierarchy. The common features of classes (parent or base classes) can be passed onto the derived classes (child classes). Within practice, the inheritance principle decreases the amount of writing; as the derived classes do not have to be written again.
• Polymorphism: Within OOP, polymorphism is described as how to carry out various processing steps through a function having the similar messages. Polymorphism treats objects of associated classes in a generic manner.