Poverty and Social Conflict:
The rise in inequality and the stark variation in living standards of the rich and the poor globally have led to an increase in social tensions in societies. As a result, a large number of the poor are getting attracted to political movements, which in their perception and understanding can improve their economic condition.
Poverty and Vulnerability
It has been observed that poor people are vulnerable to a number of discrimination. Vulnerability creates impediment in the implementation of various development programmers. Some groups may be at risk of becoming poor because of inherent vulnerabilities (i.e., different types of discrimination based on class, gender, caste, ethnicity, or factors such as disability, region of residence and family configuration). Furthermore, certain combinations of vulnerability may be strongly correlated with poverty, such as female-headed households or families living in remote and isolated mountainous regions or some castes from specific occupational background.
Such correlations between vulnerabilities and poverty make it necessary to pay special attention to these segments of population.
Poverty and Exclusion
The issue of exclusion is varied as there can be social exclusion as well as economic exclusion. In several situations, the two types of exclusion are also directly interrelated. Exclusion based on caste, whatever economic group you belong to, would imply social exclusion. More specifically, social exclusion refers to issues of participation, empowerment and social rights. However, the inter-related nature of economic and social exclusion in India would mean that some castes are both economically and socially excluded from the process of development. Because of a vast range of deprivations, certain cases have been restricted to their traditional occupations or to other low wage unskilled work. For policy makers, it is important to go beyond the narrow definition of poverty based on income indicators only and take note of social exclusion too.