Austenite lattice:

The bainite which has been established occupies more space than the real austenite lattice. That elongation of the material causes residual compressive and tensile stresses within the material. Welding stresses could be minimized through using heat sink welding that concludes in lower metal temperatures and through annealing.

Annealing is another general heat treating procedure for carbon steel parts. In During annealing, the parts is heated slowly to an elevated temperature and held there for a long period of time, then cooled. The annealing procedure is completed to obtain the following effects.

a. to soften the improve and steel ductility

b. to relieve internal stresses caused through earlier processes like as heat treatment, welding, or machining

c. to refine the grain structure