Pathway:

The basics steps in glycolysis are described below.

1. Glucose is phosphorylated through ATP to form glucose 6-phosphate, ADP and reaction is catalyzed through the enzyme hexokinase.

Figure:   The reactions of glycolysis (glucose to pyruvate) plus fates of pyruvate.

2. Glucose 6-phosphate   is converted to fructose 6-phosphate   through phosphoglucoisomerase.

This  isomerization   includes  the  conversion   of  an  aldose  to  a  ketose,  a conversion  which is better seen through viewing the open chain representations  of these molecules.

3. Fructose 6-phosphate is phosphorylated by ATP to form fructose 1,6- bisphosphate  and  ADP.  Enzyme catalyzing this step is phosphofruc- tokinase (PFK).

4. Aldolase splits fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate a six-carbon molecule into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate two three-carbon molecules, and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.

5. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is the only molecule which can be used for the rest of glycolysis.  Moreover, the dihydroxyacetone phosphate evaluate in the before step can rapidly be converted to glyceraldehyde  3-phosphate  through triose phosphate  isomerase.  That is an equilibrium reaction; as the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is used through the rest of glycolysis, more dihydroxyace- tone phosphate is transformed to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as replacement. Therefore  effectively,   for  each  molecule  of  fructose  1,6-bisphosphate   which  is cleaved  in step  4 two  molecules  of glyceraldehyde  3-phosphate  continue down the pathway.

6. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is converted to 1 3-bisphosphoglycerate. The reaction  is catalyzed  by glyceraldehyde  3-phosphate  dehydrogenase  and uses  inorganic  phosphate  and  NAD⁺   .  The other product is NADH.  The energy for creating this new high-energy phosphate bond comes from the oxidation of the aldehyde group of the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.

7. The newly established high-energy phosphate bond of 1 and 3-bisphosphoglycerate is now used to synthesize the ATP.  A Phosphoglycerate kinase catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoryl group from the 1 and 3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP and generating ATP and 3-phosphoglycerate.

8. 3-Phosphoglycerate is converted to 2-phosphoglycerate through phosphoglycerate mutase. Therefore the reaction is a movement of the phosphate group to a variant carbon atom within the same molecule.

9.  Enolase catalyzes the dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate to create PEP (phosphoenolpyruvate). This reaction converts the low-energy phosphate ester bond of 2-phosphoglycerate into the high-energy phosphate bond of phosphoenolpyruvate.

10.  In  the  last  reaction,  pyruvate  kinase  catalyzes  the  physiologically   irreversible  transfer  of the phosphoryl  group  to form ATP and pyruvate from PEP to ADP.