Bearing of Rivets:

Where, the rivets do not fail due to shear, but due to crushing of the rivet shank (area = d × t) which is pressed against the plate contact area as shown in Figure.

Figure

Resistance of a joint failing within bearing will be given through

F_br = dt σ_pf

here σpf is the maximum permissible bearing stress within rivets.

Tensile Failure of Rivets

This occurs only while there are bending moments at a joint and

Ft  = (π/4) d² σ _tf                                                                                                                                 

here σ_tf is the allowable tensile stress within rivets.