Reset Controller Responses:

The positive 0.5 percent per second denotes in which the controller output increases from its initial point of 50 percent at 0.5 percent per second.  This causes the control valve to open further at a rate of 0.5 percent per second, increasing flow.

Figure: Reset Controller Responses

The controller acts to return the procedure to the setpoints. This is completed through the repositioning of the control valve. Since the controller causes the control valve to reposition then a measured variable moves closer to the setpoint, and a latest error signal is generates.  The cycle repeats itself until no error exists.

The integral controller responds to both the amplitude and the time duration of the error signal. A few error signals which are huge or exist for a long period of time could cause the last control element to reach its "fully open" or "fully shut" position before the error is decrease to zero. The last control element remains at the extreme position if this occurs, and the error must be decreased through other means in the real operation of the process system.