Treatment Of Wastewater

INTRODUCTION

Wastewater treatment is becoming ever more critical because of increasing wastewater disposal costs, diminishing water resources, and stricter discharge regulations that have lowered permissible contaminant levels in waste streams. The treatment of wastewater for reuse and disposal is particularly important for water scarce areas. The municipal sector consumes significant volumes of water, and consequently produces considerable amounts of wastewater discharge. Municipal wastewater is a combination of water and water-carried wastes originating from homes, industrial facilities, and commercial and institutions.

Untreated wastewater generally contains high levels of numerous pathogenic micro-organisms, organic material, as well as nutrients and toxic compounds. It, therefore, entails environmental and health hazards and, therefore, must instantly be conveyed away from its produced sources and treated appropriately before final disposal. The ultimate goal of wastewater management is the protection of the environment in a manner commensurate with public health and environment.