Direct Control

Uses standards developed to compare the actual output of good/services in terms of quality, time and cost with plans. If standards are correct plans may fail because of:

    (a)    Uncertainty
    (b)    Lack of knowledge, experience, or judgement by those who make the decisions.

Uncertainty: Facts, risks and uncertainty are the elements that affect a given plan. Facts are known while little is known about risk and risk areas from the uncertainty which includes everything about which nothing is certain.