Stone Arches

Depending upon workmanship, stone arches are of two types:

Rubble Arches

These arches are made of rubble stones which are hammer dressed, roughly to shape and size of voussoirs of the arch and fixed in cement mortar. In this type, all the stones used may not be of the same size and hence joints formed are thicker. Rubble masonry arch is comparatively weak and is used for comparatively inferior work. Rubble arches are used up to spans of 1 m. They are also used as relieving arches, over wooden lintels. Up to a depth (thickness) of 40 cm, these arches are constructed in one ring. For greater depths, rubble stones are laid in two rings in alternate course of headers and stretchers.