Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the computation of quantitative relationships of the reactants and products in a balanced chemical reaction. It can be used to compute quantities such as the amount of products that can be produced with given reactants and percent yield. Stoichiometry is the chemical engineering branch of chemistry that deals with the quantities of substances that enter into, and can be produced by, chemical reactions.  Stoichiometry gives the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Every chemical reaction has the characteristic proportions of its own.  The method of obtaining these from equations, atomic weights, chemical formulas, and molecular weights, and determination of what and how much is used and generated in the chemical processes, is the major concern of Stoichiometry.

Stoichiometry is the study of the relationships or ratios between 2 or more substances undergoing a chemical or physical change. The stoichiometric coefficient ν_i represents the degree to which a chemical species participates in the reaction. In the complex reactions, stoichiometries are represented often in a more compact form called as stoichiometry matrix. Gas stoichiometry is the quantitative relationship between the reactants and products in chemical reaction with reactions which produce gases. Gas stoichiometry applies when the gases produced are supposed to be ideal, and the pressure, temperature, and volume of the gases are all known. Reaction stoichiometry lets us determine the amount of substance which is consumed or produced by the reaction. Stoichiometry rests upon the law of definite proportions and the law of the multiple proportions. The term stoichiometry is often used for the molar proportions of the elements in stoichiometric compounds. In the stoichiometric compounds, the molar proportions are the whole numbers. Compounds for which the molar proportions are not whole numbers are known as nonstoichiometric compounds. Such compounds can be produced by sputtering in plasma. They are not in the chemical equilibrium.

Stoichiometric combustion is an ideal combustion process where the fuel is burned completely. Combustion is a process burning all carbon (C) to CO₂, all hydrogen (H) to H₂O and all sulphur (S) to SO₂. With the unburned components in the exhaust gas, like C, H₂, CO, the combustion process is uncompleted and are not stoichiometric .The stoichiometric ratio is the perfect ideal fuel ratio where the chemical mixing proportion is accurate. When all fuel and air burned is consumed without any excess left over.