Pipe Fittings

For water supply plumbing, various types of fittings are required. They are bends, flanges, crosses, elbows, tees, caps, unions, plugs, nipples and etc.

Bends, crosses, tees and elbows are used to change the direction of pipeline. Tees are provided to take out flow in normal direction to the main flow. Elbows are provided to turn the gradual direction of the pipe line by 90o. Crosses are provided to divert the flow in four directions whereas bends are provided to turn the direction of the pipe line at a desired angle.

Caps and plugs are used to close the end of a pipe line. Nipples are used to reduce the section of a pipe and unions are used to change a section of pipe when required.

Figure shows a typical connection of a water supply plumbing showing different types of pipe fittings and other appurtenances.

                  Figure : A Piping Assembly Containing the Common Pipe Sizes and the Most Common Fittings