Desalination and Water Treatment:

Desalination of sea water (containing approximately 35000 to 40 000 milligrams of dissolved salts per litre) and brackish waters (containing approximately 5000 to 10000 milligram of dissolved salts per litre) to produce potable water is one of the widely known industrial applications of membrane processes. Reverse osmosis processes to a large extent have been successfully used for the last two decades in many parts of the world. Further to desalination, reverse osmosis process is also used for the treatment of municipal waste waters and effluents from the various chemical industries.