Somatic recombination
In many animals, it is possible to differentiate germ-line cells from somatic cells. The germ-line cells are that which give increase to the male and female gametes ova and sperm, respectively whilst the somatic cells form the rest of the body structures of the individual animal. The significance of the germ-line cells is which it is these that ultimately give rise to the next generation.
The human genome is via to contain fewer than 105 genes, till a human can make at least 1015 various kinds of antibody in terms of antigen-binding specificity. It is clear the number of genes is far too small to account for most of this antibody diversity. Therefore a germ-line hypothesis, through by all antibodies are encoded through genes in germ-line cells, must be incorrect. In real, the genes exist in separate coding sections and are assembled during B-lymphocyte maturation through a procedure which is known as somatic recombination. This procedure of assembly takes place in every B lymphocyte. Through assembling various fragments of the DNA completely new immunoglobulin genes can be build and because this provides an enormous potential reservoir of antibody diversity.