Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Zooflagellates – Protozoan
Zooflagellates are heterotrophs that are free living, commensals or symbiotic or parasitic in other animals. A number of species eg. Trichonynzpha and Myxotricha live within the gut of termites and digest cellulose that the wood-eating termites feed o but cannot digest for themselves.
Trichortympha lives as a mutualistic symbiont in the hindgut of wood-eating insects (termites and woodroaches). The anterior end of these large, complex flagellates (sometimes over 300 pm long) is covered with an elaborate pellicle and hundreds of flagella, but the posterior end extends pseudopods and ingests bits of wood. The flagellate is able to produce cellulose-digesting enzymes, but the insect host cannot; and therefore, depends on carbohydrates released by its symbionts.
Each time the insect molts, it loses the lining of the hindgut and all its symbionts. If it is unable to acquire new ones, it will starve to death, even though it continues to feed normally, for it cannot digest the wood. The flagellates are equally dependent on the mutualism and die within minutes outside the host. A young or newly-molted termite acquires symbionts by feeding directly from the anal opening of other termites in the colony. Myxotricha appears to be covered with flagella. But only four of these are true flagella and the others are a kind of bacteria or spirochetes (see margin remarks) attached to its surface. Their lashing movements enable the flagellate to swim about, and its own flagella help in steering.
Figure: Zooflagellates parasitic in the gut of termites.Other well known parasitic species of flagellates are Trypanosoma and Leishmania found in humans and cattle in Africa and Asia. Trypanosoma causes sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in cattle. The blood of the host is infected with the flagellate when the tsetse fly bites the host. Leishnamia is the agent for the widespread kala-azar and related disease. It affects the immune system and causes skin lesions among other effects. The host for this protozoan is the blood sucking sand fly.
Determine Indicators used in monitoring and surveillance? Various simple indicators may be used such as: 1) Weight-for-height 2) Body mass index (weight in kg/square of h
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) In ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle. Anatomically 90 per cent of all VSD are located
Provide a link to the graph, describe the variables, and interpret the meaning of the graph
Why is the occurrence of eyelids in amphibians in comparison to their absence in fishes and adaptation to terrestrial life? Eyelids associated to lacrimal glands protect and ke
State about Dental implant reconstruction Dental implant reconstruction requires a thorough knowledge and understanding of the various strategically important anatomic landmark
Glycogenolysis: It is breakdown of glycogen to glucose by means of the reaction series shown in figure 6.11 Like glycogenesis it also occurs in all body cells , But
Define Brain Stem Brain stem consists of three parts i.e. midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata. The functions of the Brain Stem are: Brain stem contains points of cranial
What are gametes? Gametes are cells specialized in sexual reproduction. They have half of the maximum number of chromosomes of the species and unite with another gamete giving
Phenology of Different Species The phenology of different species present in a community may differ from each other significantly. It is these phenological changes which give
Explain Carbonating - method of food preservation? Carbonated water is the water in which carbon dioxide gas has been dissolved under pressure. By eliminating oxygen, carbonate
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd