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Write short notes on relational model
The relational model uses a collection of tables to show both data and the relationships between those data. The relational model is an example of a record based model.
What is the difference among a primary index and a secondary index? Primary Index: A primary index is an ordered file whose records are of fixed length along with two fields.
Q. Describe how an ER schema can be represented by relation schemas and constraints arising from ER design can be mapped to constraints on a relation schema. The entity rela
Using a database design approach of your choice, produce a logical design for Pharma. 1) Your answer must consist of ONE the following: An entity-relationship (ER) diagra
Improved availability: The data in a distributed system may be replicated so that it is at more than one site. Thus, the failure of a node or a communication link does not necessar
What is authorization graph? Passing of authorization from single user to another can be shown by an authorization graph.
write on the various type of relationalkey
Give the levels of data abstraction? There are three levels of Data Abstraction a) Physical level b) logical level c) view level
Sequential File Organisation The most necessary way to organise the collection of records in a file is to use sequential Organisation. Records of the file are stored in series
What is data definition language? Explain it in detail? The SQL DDL allows specification of not only a set of relations, but also information after each relation, containing
write-set(T): Each data items that are written by a transaction T
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