1.

Which of the following was an important moderate or mediating position on slavery in the 1850s?
A) Territorial voters should determine whether they will become a slave or free state.
B) Whichever position is most popular in a national vote should prevail.
C) Slavery should be abolished in the District of Columbia.
D) Slaves should be gradually emancipated (with compensation).

2.
What was the essential conviction of William Lloyd Garrison about slavery?
A) It was a contradiction to the ideals embodied in the Constitution.
B) It was an economic drain on the emerging commercial economic system.
C) It was a sin.
D) It was a necessary evil that finally needed to be eliminated.

3.
Which of the following did NOT oppose Garrisonian abolitionism?
A) other abolitionists, whom Garrison alienated with his radical condemnation of political solutions
B) southerners, who drove antislavery sympathizers out of the South
C) women, whom Garrison alienated when he refused to link the antislavery cause to women's rights
D) northerners, who seized Garrison and killed Lovejoy

4.
Which statement about the Republican party is NOT true?
A) It was a frankly sectional party pledged to the containment of slavery.
B) It emerged from a coalition of Democrats and Whigs who opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
C) It was lead by a principle that slavery degraded free labor.
D) It attracted a coalition of voters throughout the nation.

5.
What reform movement won temporary political success through the Maine Law?
A) the campaign for women's suffrage
B) the anti-drinking crusade
C) Fourierism
D) the movement for public high schools

6.
Stephen Douglas pushed for the organization of territorial governments in the Louisiana Purchase for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
A) to accelerate the process of bringing the Plains Indians under federal control.
B) to insure that Chicago became the eastern terminus of any transcontinental railroad.
C) to hasten the opening of the West for the sake of economic development.
D) to help fulfill the aims of the Young America movement, of which Douglas was a typical representative.

7.
One significant difference between the Confederacy and the North was that
A) southerners initially romanticized the war, expecting a swift end, but northerners more realistically expected a long and ugly struggle.
B) the South became poorer, while the North tended to prosper.
C) the South had to resort to a draft, while the North was able to raise its army from volunteers.
D) fighting for a cause, the South sustained a strong sense of morality and discipline, while the perils and profits of war undermined the moral order of northern society.

8.
What weakened the natural economic and political ties of the South to the West?
A) Railroads diverted trade from the Mississippi artery to an eastward direction.
B) None of these answers is correct.
C) Southerners opposed federal aid for economic development.
D) Southerners opposed federal aid for economic development, and railroads diverted trade from the Mississippi.

9.
Where was the black belt region of the South?
A) in an arc from South Carolina to Mississippi, where in most counties blacks outnumbered whites
B) along the Gulf Coast, where the slave population was concentrated
C) in central Alabama, in the heart of the deep South, where the rich soil was ideal for cotton
D) in the Tennessee river valley, where devastating flooding was frequent

10.
The Fifteenth Amendment
A) defined citizenship.
B) officially ended Reconstruction.
C) abolished slavery.
D) expanded suffrage.

11.
Evangelicalism in the antebellum era was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
A) a set of values in sharp conflict with those of the dominant secular culture.
B) an emerging status as the dominant form of Christianity in America.
C) an emphasis on the need for a conversion experience.
D) an appeal primarily to middle-class folk in places newly entering the market economy.

12.
Which of the following is NOT true about the Radical-dominated Reconstruction Congress?
A) The central focus of its program was to protect the civil rights of blacks.
B) Its influence waned when northern voters repudiated Radical congressmen at the polls in 1866.
C) It sought to build Republican party support in the South by winning the black vote and curtailing the power of the planter class.
D) Its influence grew when Johnson's vetoes drove moderates into the Radical camp.

13.
What was true about slavery as a labor system?
A) By the 1850s, the United States was the only remaining slaveholding society in the Americas.
B) The most arduous toil was done by field hands, who were all male.
C) The gang and task systems were the two main ways of organizing slaves' work.
D) As the institution spread throughout the Deep South, a majority of white families came to own slaves.

13.
Had it passed, the Wilmot Proviso would have
A) extended the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific.
B) prohibited slavery in any territory won from Mexico.
C) given legal sanction to the doctrine of popular sovereignty.
D) divided Texas into five slave states.

14.
The settlements of the Mormons in Utah
A) at first exhibited the typical character of a raw, disproportionately male, disorderly frontier area.
B) were established as family-centered communities dominated by church leaders.
C) were established on land grants obtained from the federal government.
D) at first developed as a scattered, unplanned series of refugee encampments.

15.
The Tidewater planter ________, while the planter of the Deep South ________.
A) defended slavery as a positive good; was often troubled by the immorality of the slave system
B) aspired to the ideal of the English country gentleman; was an entrepreneur bound on making a fortune
C) dealt brutally with his slaves; tended to treat slaves more humanely
D) raised primarily rice; raised primarily cotton