What profit is earned by each firm, Cost Accounting

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Three oligopolists, A, B and C, produce an identical product, Q. Q is produced under conditions of constant costs, that is, AC = MC = $100. The market demand schedule for Q is:

                                            Price             Quantity Demanded

                                          $1,000                               0

                                               950                             25

                                               900                             50

                                               850                             75

                                               800                           100

                                               750                           125

                                               700                           150

                                               650                           175

                                               600                           200

                                               550                           225

                                               500                           250

                                               450                           275

                                               400                           300

a)   A, B, and C decide to act illegally as a cartel, to divide the market equally among the three of them, and to set the price and output that will maximize their total profits. What price and output do they set? What is the output level that each of the firms agrees to? What profit is earned by each firm and by the three firms together?

b)   A is impressed with the honesty of B and C, and believes they will keep to their agreements. They do, and A cheats by increasing output by 25 units. What is the new market price? How have the profit levels of A, B, and C changed? How have total profits in the industry changed?

c)   What actions are B and C likely to take in retaliation? Show how these actions will affect the market price, and the profit levels of the three firms.

d)  What can you learn from this problem about the likely stability of a cartel?


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