1. What must a kernel provide for an effective user-level thread implementation?

2. With respect to the quantum q in a scheduling algorithm, explain and discuss the impact of the following on the operating system:

 a)  q is fixed and identical for all users.

 b)  q is fixed and unique to each user.

 c)  q is variable and identical for all users.  

d)  q is variable and unique to a each user.

3. Arrange the above schemes in question 2 from lowest to highest run-time overhead. Explain your answer.

4. Arrange the above schemes in question 2 from least to most responsive to variations in individual processes and system load. Explain you answer.