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Question:
a) Describe five advantages of LED lighting over conventional incandescent lighting.
b) State two impairments that reduces the radiant flux of a surface-emitting LED. Illustrate one way how any one of these impairments may be addressed?
c) Illustrate how white light can be generated using a blue Gallium Nitride (GaN) LED.
d) Find the composition of the quaternary alloy In1-xGaxAsyP1-y for making semiconductor LEDs operating at 1.27μm. The bandgap energy Eg of the quartenary alloy in eV is then given by the empirical relationship Eg = 1.35 - 0.72y + 0.12y2 where y=2.2x. e) Given a particular Gallium Nitride (GaN) Edge-emitting LED drawing a current 50 mA when the voltage is 1.5 V and operating at 450 nm wavelength with light power of 5 µW coupled with a 9 µm single-mode fibre.
i) What is the colour of the light emitted from the LED? ii) Calculate the overall efficiency of the LED. iii) Calculate its internal quantum efficiency given that Tr = 50ns and Tnr = 70 ns. iv) Hence, calculate the internal optical power generated by the LED.
1. A 230/1000V 50 Hz, single phase transformer has the following test data: Open circuit test (L.V.) Primary voltage = 230V Primary current = 1.30 A Input power
Assignment 2: FIR Filters in Audio Processing This assignment will focus on the filtering of audio signals using FIR filters. Audio signal processing uses many types of digital f
The sinusoidal voltage source in the circuit shown in Fig. is developing an rms voltage of 2000 V. The 4 ? load in the circuit is absorbing four times as much average power as the
Q. How do you modify the direction of rotation of a D.C. motor? Ans: The direction of rotation of DC motor will be changed either by changing the field winding connections o
What is the desirable properties of an insulation material? Insulation materials have the desirable properties are as follows: 1. Very fine dielectric strength such as of mi
(a) Consider the circuit of the noninverting amplifier in Figure, including an ideal op amp. Obtain an expression for the voltage gain of the overall circuit. (b) Let R i = 10
Q. Consider the synchronous counter shown in Figure of the text. (a) Draw its timing diagram. (b) Show the implementation of the same synchronous counter using D flip-flops.
The French scientist, Ampere, (1775- 1836), conducted a series of experiments on the force between current carrying conductors. He found that: force per metre of wire (
Q. A single-phase industrial plant consists of two loads in parallel: P1 = 48kW PF1 = 0.60 lagging P2 = 24kW PF2 = 0.96 leading It is operated from a 500-V, 60-Hz source.
Give the names of four alloys along with their composition, which are used for making heater and thermocouple elements. Constantan or Eureka {(55 to 60 percent) Cu, (45 to 40 p
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