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What is serializability? Explain its types?
The data base system must control concurrent implementation of transactions, to ensure that the data base state remains consistent. There are dissimilar forms of schedule equivalence they lead to the notions of
a) Conflict serializability
B) View serializability
Conflict serializability
We say that ii and I j conflict if they are operations by dissimilar transaction on the similar data item and at least one of these instruction is a write operations
Advantages of Database management system Let us summarize the advantages. Reduction of Redundancy: This is perhaps the most important advantage of using DBMS. Redundancy i
Explain Instance and schemas? Instances and schemas: Databases changes over time as the information is deleted and inserted. The collection of information stored in database
What are axioms? Axioms or rules of inference give a simpler technique for reasoning about
What are the technique to define a schema completely ? A schema is completely define by DDL and DML query language.
various techniques of hashing?
Describe logical data independence ? Logical Data Independence - It is the capacity to modify the conceptual schema without having to change external schemas or application p
Question: (a) What are the challenges in the development of Large Scale Distributed Real Systems? (b) What is backward engineering and forward engineering in a design packa
Define Physical and Logical independence Ans: Physical data independence: The ability to modify physical level without causing application program to be rewritten. Logic
What is Disadvantages Of DBMS ? 1. Cost of Software and Hardware and Migration - A important disadvantage of the DBMS system is cost. 2. Reduced Response and Throughpu
For every multivalued attribute 'A', we make a new relation R that contains an attribute corresponding to plus the primary key attribute k of the relation that shows the entity typ
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