What is Metallic implants

Metallic implants undergo one or more several surface modifications to enable them to become suitable for implantation. These modifications are passivation, anodization, ion implantation and texturing. Passivation refers to the enhancement of the oxide layer to prevent the release of metallic ions as a result of surface breakdown. Minimizing ion release also enhances the biocompatibility of these materials. Passivation treatments can be performed through immersion in 40 % nitric acid or anodization where an electric current is passed through the metal. The former method of treatment minimally increases the oxide layer thickness whereas the latter results in a thicker oxide layer