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Q. What is Input-output processors?
let's briefly summarize the development in area of input/output functions. These can be briefed as below:
1. CPU directly controls a peripheral device.
2. Addition of I/O controller or I/O interface: CPU employs programmed I/O with no interrupts. CPU was separated from details of external I/O interfaces.
3. Contained use of I/O controllers however with interrupts: CPU need not spend time waiting for an I/O operation to be executed, increasing efficiency.
4. Direct access of I/O interface to memory through DMA: CPU involvement decreased to at beginning and at end of DMA operation.
5. CPU directs I/O processors to execute an I/O program in memory. I/O processor fetches as well as executes these instructions with no CPU intervention. This permits CPU to specify a series of I/O activities and to be interrupted only when complete sequence has been performed. With this architecture a large set of I/O devices can be managed with minimum CPU involvement.
With last two steps (4 and 5) a main change takes place with introduction of concept of an I/O interface capable of executing a program. For steps 5 the I/O interface is frequently referred to as an I/O processor and I/O channel.
Q. Describe the Limitation of FAT16? DOS designers decided to use clusters with as a minimum four sectors in them (so a cluster size of at least 2KB) for all FAT16 hard disks.
What is data hazard? Any condition that causes the pipeline to stall is known as a hazard. A data hazard is any condition in which either the source or destination operands of
Q. Perform binary subtraction, using 1s & 2s complement: 1) 1010-1011 2) 0.1111-0.101 3) 11.11-10.111 Q. (192.25)10 - (C0.C)16 = (x)7 Find values of x, using 7's compl
Q. How to Load DOS from Hard Disk? To Load DOS from the Hard Disk of your computer, follow these steps: 1. Turn on the power ON/OFF switch of the CPU unit of your PC the pow
does matlab contain procedures for knoledge representation? if yes where can i find it?
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Task Gantt Task Gantt shows different tasks being performed it implies that numerous kind of activities by set of processors connected to parallel computer as displayed in Fi
Given the subsequent FIFO and rules, how deep does the FIFO require to be to stop underflow or overflow? RULES: a. frequency(clk_A) = frequency(clk_B) / 4 b. per
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Determine a program that is in execution is known as Program in execution is known as Process
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