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Q. What is Input-output processors?
let's briefly summarize the development in area of input/output functions. These can be briefed as below:
1. CPU directly controls a peripheral device.
2. Addition of I/O controller or I/O interface: CPU employs programmed I/O with no interrupts. CPU was separated from details of external I/O interfaces.
3. Contained use of I/O controllers however with interrupts: CPU need not spend time waiting for an I/O operation to be executed, increasing efficiency.
4. Direct access of I/O interface to memory through DMA: CPU involvement decreased to at beginning and at end of DMA operation.
5. CPU directs I/O processors to execute an I/O program in memory. I/O processor fetches as well as executes these instructions with no CPU intervention. This permits CPU to specify a series of I/O activities and to be interrupted only when complete sequence has been performed. With this architecture a large set of I/O devices can be managed with minimum CPU involvement.
With last two steps (4 and 5) a main change takes place with introduction of concept of an I/O interface capable of executing a program. For steps 5 the I/O interface is frequently referred to as an I/O processor and I/O channel.
Prove the following Boolean identities using the laws of Boolean algebra (A + B)(A + C) = A + BC Ans. (A+B)(A+C)=A+BC LHS AA+AC+AB+BC=A+AC+AB+BC OR A((C+1)+A(B+1))+BC
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The typicality of virtual addresses is that: They are longer than physical addresses because total addressed memory in virtual memory is more than actual physical memory.
Q. Explain what is Internal Modems ? Internal Modems: Internal Modems plug in expansion slots in your PC. Internal Modems are efficient andcheap. Internal Modems are bus-specif
Explain difference between macro call and macro expansion. Macro expansion: While a macro name is used along with a set of actual parameters this is replaced through a code g
draw the flowchart for operator overloading in c++
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Q. How to define a Filename in DOS? Each file is given a name so that it can be referred to later. This name is termed as Filename. The filename in DOS can be up to eight alpha
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