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What is Functional Dependency?
A Functional dependency is shown by X Y among two sets of attributes X and Y that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple that can form a relation state r of R. The constraint is for any two tuples t1 and t2 in r if t1[X] = t2[X] then they have t1[Y] = t2[Y]. This means the value of X component of a tuple uniquely verifies the value of component Y.
Deletion Anomalies: Loss of important Information: In some cases, useful information may be lost when a tuple is deleted. For instance, if we delete the tuple corresponding to stu
Extend your CREATE TABLE statement from problem 3 with referential integrity constraints. Updates and deletes on related rows are restricted. 6. From examination of the sample data
What is a foreign key, and what is it used for? A foreign key is used to establish relationships between relations in the relational model. Technically, a foreign key is a colu
Horizontal Fragmentation- Horizontal fragmentation groups together the tuples in a relation that are collectively used by the main transactions. A horizontal fragment is produced b
Explain briefly concurrent task by taking an example. Concurrent Task- The concurrent occurrence of more than one event is called concurrent task. Operating systems can handl
Which two files are used during operation of the DBMS? Data dictionary and transaction log are two files used during operation of the DBMS.
We face problem of stock Opening balance and closing balance in Minus
Problem Explain at least five relational algebraic operators with a suitable example. Note: All the above descriptions should be done by taking at least two examples from ou
Which operator is used to compare a value to a list of literals values that have been specified? BETWEEN operator is used to compare a value to a list of literals values that h
What is a heterogeneous distributed database? In a heterogeneous distributed database, dissimilar sites may use different schemas, and dissimilar dbms s/w. The sites may not be
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