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What is Functional Dependency?
A Functional dependency is shown by X Y among two sets of attributes X and Y that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple that can form a relation state r of R. The constraint is for any two tuples t1 and t2 in r if t1[X] = t2[X] then they have t1[Y] = t2[Y]. This means the value of X component of a tuple uniquely verifies the value of component Y.
To do the division operation R1 ÷ R2, R2 should be a correct subset of R1. In the following example R1 have attributes A and B and R2 have only attribute B so R2 is a correct subse
What is the difference between SQL Server 2000 clustered and nonclustered indexes? With a clustered index, the data are kept in the bottom level of the index and in the similar
Discuss the problem of Spurious tuples and how we may prevent it. Ans: A spurious tuple is, mainly, a record in a database that gets created while two tables are joined bad
During the deletion of a tuple two cases can happen: Deletion of tuple in relation having the foreign key: In this type of case simply delete the desired tuple. For example, in
describe objectivde of file organisation
Having clause This clause is used for producing conditions on grouped information. Example: Find maximum salary and department number of those departments where maxim
What are the two integrity rules? Ans: The two integrity rules are: Entity Integrity Rule & Referential Integrity Rule. Entity Integrity Rule - If the attribute A of rel
Analyzing Association Traversal Association Traversal shall be understood properly for the association design explanation. Analyzing association traversal means analyzing tra
(a) Provide the description of the following ODMG schema in the Object Definition Language (ODL). (b) Based on the above object database, write the following queries i
what is query processing ,query optimization and performance turring?
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