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What is Functional Dependency?
A Functional dependency is shown by X Y among two sets of attributes X and Y that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple that can form a relation state r of R. The constraint is for any two tuples t1 and t2 in r if t1[X] = t2[X] then they have t1[Y] = t2[Y]. This means the value of X component of a tuple uniquely verifies the value of component Y.
Write short notes on transaction state? A transaction may not always complete its implementation successfully such a transaction is termed aborted A transaction must be in o
Problem : (b) A deductive database system is essentially the outcome of applying mathematics logic to database management, where logic is used for both data representation and
4. Describe three ways to handle missing field values
Explain the Natural join Natural join is a binary operator which is written as (R* S) in which R and S are relations. The effect of the natural join is the set of all combinati
Explain the structure of well formed formulae in relational calculus. Ans: a. An atom is a formula b. If P1 is a formula, after that so are ¬P1 and (P1) c. If P1 and P2 a
Differance between procedural and non procedural DML? Procedural and non procedural DML Procedural DML exactly what data is require and how to obtain those data. Non procedural
waht is a repeating group?
Define granularity, hierarchy of granularity of locks & multiple granularity locking. Explain the modified two phase locking along with multiple granularity locking. Ans: The s
Define canonical cover? A canonical cover Fc for F is a set of dependencies like F logically implies all dependencies in FC and Fc logically shows all dependencies in F.
What are advantages of object models? Object models are efficient for communicating with the application experts and reaching a consensus about the significant aspects of the p
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