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What is Functional Dependency?
A Functional dependency is shown by X Y among two sets of attributes X and Y that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple that can form a relation state r of R. The constraint is for any two tuples t1 and t2 in r if t1[X] = t2[X] then they have t1[Y] = t2[Y]. This means the value of X component of a tuple uniquely verifies the value of component Y.
Deletion Anomalies: Loss of important Information: In some cases, useful information may be lost when a tuple is deleted. For instance, if we delete the tuple corresponding to stu
Discuss how the one-to-one associations have to be implemented. Some of properties of associations can be implemented directly by providing suitable declarations of the data me
Consider the following frequency counts of some itemsets in a transaction database r : freq({A}, r) = 0.405 freq({B}, r) = 0.510 freq({C}, r) = 0.303 freq({A
Write a short note on oracle Instance? Oracle Instances: An instance is the (executed) Oracle software and the memory they use. It is the instance which manipulates the data s
What is the use of group by clause? Group by clause is used to apply aggregate functions to a set of tuples. The attributes given in the group by clause are used to
assignment
Nested Queries Let us see some more complex queries in this section. Sub-queries: Some of the basic concerns of sub-queries are: A sub-query is a SELECT statemen
Q. State the Technique for converting a state diagram to code. i) Identify the major control path. Starting with first state, find the path from diagram that corresponds
Before we talk about the relational model in more detail, let us first define some very basic terms used in this model. Tuple Every row in a table shows a record and is cal
The primary key is selected from the
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