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What is Functional Dependency?
A Functional dependency is shown by X Y among two sets of attributes X and Y that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple that can form a relation state r of R. The constraint is for any two tuples t1 and t2 in r if t1[X] = t2[X] then they have t1[Y] = t2[Y]. This means the value of X component of a tuple uniquely verifies the value of component Y.
Describe the four main ways of optimising disk block access. Ans: a. Disk b. Non-volatile writes buffers c. File organization (Clustering) d. Log-based file system
Explain Dynamic Two-Phase Locking Here a transaction locks a data item instantly earlier than any operation is applied on the data item. After finishing all the operations on
explain various steps uses in evaluation and maintenance of MIS.
What is known as a search key? An attribute or set of attributes used to look up records in a file is known as a search key.
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State the data flow diagram of functional model Any action initiated by transition in the state diagram can be extended into an entire data flow diagram in functional model. Th
Write the motivations led to development of OO-DBMS? 1. Programmer frustration with RDBMSs. 2. Requirement for special features.
What are the time stamps associated with each data item? W-timestamp (Q) denotes the largest time stamp if any transaction that implemented WRITE (Q) successfully. R-timesta
Question (a) Visual Basic is governed by an event processor. Explain the meaning of this phrase. (b) Differentiate between an general procedure and event procedure. (c)
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