What is fermentation, Biology

Assignment Help:

What is Fermentation ?

Fermentation is a process used by anaerobic organisms and certain cells of aerobic organisms, such as muscle cells deprived of oxygen, to obtain additional energy from the glycolytic pathway. In other words, if there is no oxygen to accept electrons at the end of the electron transport system, all of the NAD available will be bound in reduced form, and cells must turn to glycolysis to supply ATP. As you have learned, glycolysis requires NAD+, in order to oxidize (remove electrons from) G3P to form 3PG. Oxidizing G3P forms NADH + H+. NAD+ must then be regenerated to allow glycolysis to continue.

In one type of fermentation, NADH + H+ reduce pyruvate to form either lactic acid or ethanol, depending upon the organism, plus NAD+. This regenerates NAD+, allowing glycolysis to continue. Lactic acid is the end point in overused muscle tissue; ethanol (ethyl alcohol) during fermentation of beer or wine. The reactions are as follows:

Pyruvate +  NADH + H+→lactic acid + NAD+

or

Pyruvate + NADH + H+→ ethanol + CO2 + NAD+

 

 


Related Discussions:- What is fermentation

Wetlands and estuaries, Wetlands and estuaries are transitional biomes. Lan...

Wetlands and estuaries are transitional biomes. Land that remains flooded either part of the year or permanently with fresh or salt water is known as wetland. The internationally a

What is polymorphisum?, According to the chemistry concept the existence of...

According to the chemistry concept the existence of different kinds of crystal of the same chemical compound is known as polymorphism

Effects of insulin on carbohydrate metabolism, Insulin promotes muscle gluc...

Insulin promotes muscle glucose uptake and metabolism. In presence of insulin muscle cells take up glucose and use it as a source of energy. Insulin also promotes storage of insuli

The splinter with a sterile needle, joey has a splinter in his finger. His ...

joey has a splinter in his finger. His mother pulled the skin away from the splinter with a sterile needle and removed the splinter. Joey did not feel pain and did not bleed. Expla

Forebrain - diancephalon, DIANCEPHALO N - Less visible. Occupies on...

DIANCEPHALO N - Less visible. Occupies only 1% of brain's volume. Its lumen is diocoel or III ventricle. Roof is epithalamus . On it pineal body is present. Fl

Primary producers - biotic components , Primary producers - Biotic Componen...

Primary producers - Biotic Components The major primary producers of aquatic ecosystems (freshwater and marine) are various species of algae. In terrestrial ecosystems the ma

Phylum annelida, describe the diversity in the feeding habits and locomotio...

describe the diversity in the feeding habits and locomotion of annelids

State in brief about the alexander luria, State in brief about the alexande...

State in brief about the alexander Luria Luria adopted or developed these items over the course of many years, Christensen published them in English but without standardisatio

Define the term - dna polymerase, Which of the following best describes the...

Which of the following best describes the reasons why the sliding clamp is able to confer processivity on DNA polymerase and not DNA primase? A. The sliding clamp coats the tem

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd