What is fermentation, Biology

Assignment Help:

What is Fermentation ?

Fermentation is a process used by anaerobic organisms and certain cells of aerobic organisms, such as muscle cells deprived of oxygen, to obtain additional energy from the glycolytic pathway. In other words, if there is no oxygen to accept electrons at the end of the electron transport system, all of the NAD available will be bound in reduced form, and cells must turn to glycolysis to supply ATP. As you have learned, glycolysis requires NAD+, in order to oxidize (remove electrons from) G3P to form 3PG. Oxidizing G3P forms NADH + H+. NAD+ must then be regenerated to allow glycolysis to continue.

In one type of fermentation, NADH + H+ reduce pyruvate to form either lactic acid or ethanol, depending upon the organism, plus NAD+. This regenerates NAD+, allowing glycolysis to continue. Lactic acid is the end point in overused muscle tissue; ethanol (ethyl alcohol) during fermentation of beer or wine. The reactions are as follows:

Pyruvate +  NADH + H+→lactic acid + NAD+

or

Pyruvate + NADH + H+→ ethanol + CO2 + NAD+

 

 


Related Discussions:- What is fermentation

Classification of instrument sterilisation, The classification was given by...

The classification was given by Spaulding and is based on the contact with different tissue types to determine whether sterilization or disinfection is needed. 1. Critical item

Explain procedure for isolation of pure culture, Explain Procedure for Isol...

Explain Procedure for Isolation of Pure Culture? Now carry out the exercise following the steps enumerated herewith. 1. Label the name of the organism on the bottom of the p

Biosynthesis of hemes and chlorophylls, In animals, some of bacteria and fu...

In animals, some of bacteria and fungi, and the first step in tetrapyrrole synthesis is the condensation of the amino acid glycine with succinyl  CoA (an intermediate  of the citri

Describe the applications of vitamin B1, Describe the Applications of vitam...

Describe the Applications of vitamin b1 The steadily increasing consumption of white flours  (insufficiently ground and thus low in vitamin content) by large sections of the po

How sugar is used in puddings, How sugar is used in Puddings, Sauces and Pi...

How sugar is used in Puddings, Sauces and Pie Fillings? When dry starch is added directly to a hot liquid, the particles on the outside tend to cook first, lumping the raw star

Agro industrial-iodine, Iodine Iodine functions are essential componen...

Iodine Iodine functions are essential components of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T 4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which regulate the rate of energy metabolism. Absorbed iodi

Nutition in animals, describe each and every step in nutrition in animals?

describe each and every step in nutrition in animals?

What do you mean by post-herbal period, What do you mean by Post-Herbal Per...

What do you mean by Post-Herbal Period ? Ans. It is difficult to draw a sharp line of demarcation between the transition period, marked by various attempts of classificati

Steps of research process - nursing research, Steps of Research Process: ...

Steps of Research Process: Identify the Problem: The first  task  in  the  planning stage  is  to identify and stage  the problem, as you have  already learnt in the  earlier

First type of rheological model, Q. First type of rheological model? Th...

Q. First type of rheological model? This method establishes relation between the pressure gradient and the volume rate of flow. Here, the piston measurement is used to measure

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd