What is fermentation, Biology

Assignment Help:

What is Fermentation ?

Fermentation is a process used by anaerobic organisms and certain cells of aerobic organisms, such as muscle cells deprived of oxygen, to obtain additional energy from the glycolytic pathway. In other words, if there is no oxygen to accept electrons at the end of the electron transport system, all of the NAD available will be bound in reduced form, and cells must turn to glycolysis to supply ATP. As you have learned, glycolysis requires NAD+, in order to oxidize (remove electrons from) G3P to form 3PG. Oxidizing G3P forms NADH + H+. NAD+ must then be regenerated to allow glycolysis to continue.

In one type of fermentation, NADH + H+ reduce pyruvate to form either lactic acid or ethanol, depending upon the organism, plus NAD+. This regenerates NAD+, allowing glycolysis to continue. Lactic acid is the end point in overused muscle tissue; ethanol (ethyl alcohol) during fermentation of beer or wine. The reactions are as follows:

Pyruvate +  NADH + H+→lactic acid + NAD+

or

Pyruvate + NADH + H+→ ethanol + CO2 + NAD+

 

 


Related Discussions:- What is fermentation

Rassenkreis and speciation, According to the current concept of speciation,...

According to the current concept of speciation, a widely distributed species should break up into partially isolated rule species. The different subspecies become differentiated fu

How do you verify that a certain gene encodes a certain prot, For homework,...

For homework, I had to prove that a certain catalyst was a protein, then tell how I would purify the protein, then tell how I would clone a human chromosomal region that contains t

State the copious sterile saline irrigation, Using copious sterile saline i...

Using copious sterile saline irrigation This can be delivered from a sterile infusion bag in a pressure cuff or a peristaltic pump. The drills can be adequately cooled by spray

Discuss in brief distant and contact osteogenesis, Q. Discuss in brief dist...

Q. Discuss in brief distant and contact osteogenesis? Three terms are used to describe individual aspects of bone formation process that occur at implants. They are Osteocondu

To study the gas produced when yeast acts on sugar, To study the gas produc...

To study the gas produced when yeast acts on sugar Place some clear lime water in a test tube and have a pupil exhale by a soda straw placed in the lime-water. Soon the lime-wa

Gutta percha removal-endodontics principles, Gutta percha removal: Poor...

Gutta percha removal: Poorly condensed GP or single cone technique, -    Hedstrom hand files. -    Barded broaches. The well condenced GP: -    Rotary files; -    Ultrasoni

Explain spermatocyte I and spermatocyte II, What is the difference between...

What is the difference between spermatocyte I and spermatocyte II? The spermatocyte I (2n) undergoes the primary division of meiosis (meiosis I) originating two spermatocyte II

Explain adefovir dipivoxil, Adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera)  This phosphon...

Adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera)  This phosphonate nucleoside analog, administered as the oral prodrug, inhibits replication of HBV, including variants resistant to lamivudine. Ade

Define oral rehydration for treatment for pem, Define Oral rehydration for ...

Define Oral rehydration for treatment for pem? Since diarrhoea is very common in severe PEM, correction of dehydration is the first step in the treatment. Homemade (salt-sugar

Methods of estimation of energy expenditure and requirements, Define Method...

Define Methods of Estimation of Energy Expenditure and Requirements? There are a variety of methods available to measure human energy expenditure. Knowledge of these methods wi

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd