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What is data independence?
Data Independence: Techniques which permit data to be changed without affecting the applications in which procedure it. There are two types of data independence. The first type is data independence for data that is accomplished in a database management system (DBMS). It permits the database to be structurally changed without affecting most existing programs. Programs access data in a DBMS through field and are concerned with just the data fields they use, not the format of the finished record. Therefore, when the record layout is updated (fields added, deleted or changed in size), the only programs which must be changed are those in which use those new fields.
Gyan Gurukul is a software company that provides software related solution. Ashutosh Dubey who is the director of Gyan Gurukul want a three-level schema architecture for the Gyan G
Record based Logical Models: Use records as the key data representation components Examples: Relational Model: It shows data as well as relationship between data in the form
Question (a) Concurrent access to data from a database is a normal part of application program usage. Describe three approaches to concurrency control (b) Distinguish among
Question : Mr. Smith Harry has a car manufacturing company which has recently integrated management information system. He wishes to obtain more information on ethics and socia
Suppose an instruction takes 1 nanosecond to execute (on average), a page fault takes 20 microseconds of processor time, and it takes 300 microseconds of disk time to read or write
Problem 1. Create a PL/SQL program to insert data into student table and display the details of the student having Reg.No 1010 Writing a PL/SQL program to Insert data
Security: In a centralised system, access to the data can be simply controlled. Though, in a distributed DBMS not only does access to replicated data have to be controlled in many
What sorts of tables one can se in designing the hierarchy of a LDB? Tables, which are having Foreign Key relations.
Explain Candidate key? Candidate Key - A candidate key is a minimal superkey, that can be used to uniquely identify a tuple in the relation.
Question: (a) What is ODBC and what is its function? (b) What is Web application server, and how does it work from a database perspective? (c) What does e-commerce mean
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