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What is Atomic Models?The concept of atoms was first suggested by the ancient Greeks. The atom was supposed to be the smallest piece of matter. Then J. J. Thompson discovered the electron, and the atom was found to be made of several smaller pieces. Ernest Rutherford conducted an experiment in which he shot alpha particles at thin gold foil. Based on his observations, he constructed a model of an atom that was mostly empty space. Practically all of the atom's mass is concentrated in a very small central nucleus, which is positively charged because of its protons; the nucleus is surrounded by an equal number of negatively charged electrons that are relatively far away. In 1913, Niels Bohr postulated that the hydrogen atom had one proton with one electron, which could only occupy definite allowed orbits. The most stable orbit is the one closest to the nucleus, and the atom is in the ground state when the electron occupies this most stable orbit. Only certain amounts of energy can be absorbed and used in order to have the electron jump to a higher energy orbit. When the electron returns to the lowest orbit, the atom can only give off a photon of energy equal to the change in energy of the electron. Only orbits where mvr = nh/2Π for the electron are possible. The principal quantum number, n, can be 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. The diagram shows the energy levels of hydrogen.
OHM’S LAW: So far you have been introduced to the concepts of electric current (as a movement of free electrons through a conducting material), voltage (or potential) and poten
Q. Illustrate why is there more friction when you push an object than when you pull it? Answer:- Friction doesn't differ depending upon whether an object is pushed or pull
Production of audio and video signals Iconoscope is a type of camera consisting of a cathode ray beam and a photoelectric cell. The picture is scanned with the help of iconosco
An electron is constrained to the central perpendicular axis of a ring of charge of radius 2.2 m and charge 0.015 mC. See Section 22-6. Suppose the electron is released from rest a
Frequency The number of vibration done per second by an oscillation body is known its frequency. It is denoted by V. The S.I unit is Hz. V=1/T
Free Expansion process: In free expansion of gas, the gases enlarge in vacuum. Thus, work done Δw=0 In free expansion if state changes from 1 → 2 only the initial and final s
Q. Explain what is free fall acceleration? Answer:- On earth free drop acceleration is 9.81 meters per second per second or 32.2 feet per second per second not including a
Direct Current (DC): Such a current can be getting by connecting the two ends of a conductor to the terminals of the battery. This current doesn't change the direction
Evaluate simple harmonic motion A simple pendulum is 2.00 m long. (a) What is the period of simple harmonic motion for this pendulum if it is hanging in an elevator acceler
A body of mass 500g IS heated such that its température roses from -4*c to 100*c calculate the total heat energy consumed
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