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What is Atomic Models?The concept of atoms was first suggested by the ancient Greeks. The atom was supposed to be the smallest piece of matter. Then J. J. Thompson discovered the electron, and the atom was found to be made of several smaller pieces. Ernest Rutherford conducted an experiment in which he shot alpha particles at thin gold foil. Based on his observations, he constructed a model of an atom that was mostly empty space. Practically all of the atom's mass is concentrated in a very small central nucleus, which is positively charged because of its protons; the nucleus is surrounded by an equal number of negatively charged electrons that are relatively far away. In 1913, Niels Bohr postulated that the hydrogen atom had one proton with one electron, which could only occupy definite allowed orbits. The most stable orbit is the one closest to the nucleus, and the atom is in the ground state when the electron occupies this most stable orbit. Only certain amounts of energy can be absorbed and used in order to have the electron jump to a higher energy orbit. When the electron returns to the lowest orbit, the atom can only give off a photon of energy equal to the change in energy of the electron. Only orbits where mvr = nh/2Π for the electron are possible. The principal quantum number, n, can be 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. The diagram shows the energy levels of hydrogen.
Working Principle of D.C Motor A) An electric motor is a machine which changes electrical energy into mechanical energy. B) When a current carrying conductor is placed in a
Q. Select the correct trajectory of the ball after it breaks? A ball is being whirled on a string. At the instant shown in figure, the string breaks. choose the correct traject
A student finds that a particle whose life is micro-sec (µ- sec) moves with a velocity of 2.7 x 108 m/sec. i) What will be its lifetime as measured by another observer in the labor
The atomic weight of an element is double its atomic number. If there are four electrons in 2P orbital, the element is : (1) C (2) N (3) O
Define the Newton's Law of Cooling Newton's Law of Cooling: A cup of hot chocolate has cooled from 92°C to 50°C after 12 min in a room at 22°C. a) What is the value for k (
What is a Temperature Scales? Fahrenheit, Celsius and Kelvin were scientists who studied how heat and temperature work. The most familiar scale to Americans (until the time tha
Two wires on a piano are the same length and are pulled by the same tension. wire 1 vibrates at a frequency 1.5 times the frequency of wire 2. Calculate the ratio of their masses (
A cylinder having 1.00 g of water at the boiling point is heated until all the water turns into steam. The expanding steam pushes a piston 0.365 m. There is a 215-N frictio
Which quantity is unchanged during refraction of light? Describe critical angle. Show an application of total internal reflection.
Does the moment of inertia of a cylinder change if the direction of the rotation axis is changed, but it still goes through the center of mass?
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