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What is Atomic Models?The concept of atoms was first suggested by the ancient Greeks. The atom was supposed to be the smallest piece of matter. Then J. J. Thompson discovered the electron, and the atom was found to be made of several smaller pieces. Ernest Rutherford conducted an experiment in which he shot alpha particles at thin gold foil. Based on his observations, he constructed a model of an atom that was mostly empty space. Practically all of the atom's mass is concentrated in a very small central nucleus, which is positively charged because of its protons; the nucleus is surrounded by an equal number of negatively charged electrons that are relatively far away. In 1913, Niels Bohr postulated that the hydrogen atom had one proton with one electron, which could only occupy definite allowed orbits. The most stable orbit is the one closest to the nucleus, and the atom is in the ground state when the electron occupies this most stable orbit. Only certain amounts of energy can be absorbed and used in order to have the electron jump to a higher energy orbit. When the electron returns to the lowest orbit, the atom can only give off a photon of energy equal to the change in energy of the electron. Only orbits where mvr = nh/2Π for the electron are possible. The principal quantum number, n, can be 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. The diagram shows the energy levels of hydrogen.
Kinetics
Dielectric break down Dielectric Breakdown : Dielectric Breakdown of a dielectric material is because of the excitation of electrons into the conduction band across the energy
Neutron is a fundamental particle carrying: (1)A charge of +1 unit and a mass of 1 unit (2)No charge and a mass of 1 unit (3)No charge and no mass (4) A charg of -1
What is Gas Laws? Kinetic theory states that the speed of motion of the molecules in a substance decreases as the substance's temperature decreases. As well, the speed of motio
A large model rocket engine can make a thrust of 12.0 N upon ignition. This engine is part of a rocket with a total mass of 0.288 kg when launched. a) Draw a free-body
(i) It is the length of single wave. (ii) Wavelength is similar to the distance covered by the wave during the time in which any one particle of the medium done one vibration ab
(a) Convert the network to the left of terminals AB in Figure 13.60 to an equivalent Thévenin circuit by initially converting to a Norton equivalent network. (b) Determine the
FORCE: "Force is that agency which causes a body to alter its state of motion or rest". It is denoted by F ?
Explain quasi-static process The process in the system the variables (PTV) alters very slowly so that the systems remain in thermal and mechanical equilibrium with its surround
use of soft iron core in mcg
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