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What is Atomic Models?The concept of atoms was first suggested by the ancient Greeks. The atom was supposed to be the smallest piece of matter. Then J. J. Thompson discovered the electron, and the atom was found to be made of several smaller pieces. Ernest Rutherford conducted an experiment in which he shot alpha particles at thin gold foil. Based on his observations, he constructed a model of an atom that was mostly empty space. Practically all of the atom's mass is concentrated in a very small central nucleus, which is positively charged because of its protons; the nucleus is surrounded by an equal number of negatively charged electrons that are relatively far away. In 1913, Niels Bohr postulated that the hydrogen atom had one proton with one electron, which could only occupy definite allowed orbits. The most stable orbit is the one closest to the nucleus, and the atom is in the ground state when the electron occupies this most stable orbit. Only certain amounts of energy can be absorbed and used in order to have the electron jump to a higher energy orbit. When the electron returns to the lowest orbit, the atom can only give off a photon of energy equal to the change in energy of the electron. Only orbits where mvr = nh/2Π for the electron are possible. The principal quantum number, n, can be 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. The diagram shows the energy levels of hydrogen.
Displacement: - The modification in position of a body in a certain direction is known as displacement. It is a vector function and its unit in SI system is meter.
Define the term scanning electron microscope. Scanning electron microscope: The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a form of electron microscope which images the sample s
Electromagnetism: If a straight wire carrying a current is formed into a circular loop, the magnetic field is as shown. The field may be deduced by taking elements of the
discussion
concave grating and rowland''s mounting theory
A coil of area 100 cm 2 having 500 turns carries a current of 1mA. It is suspended in a uniform magnetic field of induction 10 -3 Wbm -2 . Its plane makes an angle of 600 with t
The greenhouse effect is significant not only on Earth but also on Venus and Mars. The following table summarizes the following basic observations: (A) Using Stefan's equa
Third Harmonic- Standing Waves on a String There are a variety of patterns that could be generates through vibrations inside slinky, a string, or rope. Each pattern corresponds
In order to obtain p-type germanium it should be doped with a (A) Trivalent impurity. (B) Tetravalent impurity. (C) Pentavalent impurity. (D) Any of the above will d
NEWTON ? "The force which forms an acceleration of 1 ms-2 in a mass of 1 kg". It is represented by N.
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