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What is Atomic Models?The concept of atoms was first suggested by the ancient Greeks. The atom was supposed to be the smallest piece of matter. Then J. J. Thompson discovered the electron, and the atom was found to be made of several smaller pieces. Ernest Rutherford conducted an experiment in which he shot alpha particles at thin gold foil. Based on his observations, he constructed a model of an atom that was mostly empty space. Practically all of the atom's mass is concentrated in a very small central nucleus, which is positively charged because of its protons; the nucleus is surrounded by an equal number of negatively charged electrons that are relatively far away. In 1913, Niels Bohr postulated that the hydrogen atom had one proton with one electron, which could only occupy definite allowed orbits. The most stable orbit is the one closest to the nucleus, and the atom is in the ground state when the electron occupies this most stable orbit. Only certain amounts of energy can be absorbed and used in order to have the electron jump to a higher energy orbit. When the electron returns to the lowest orbit, the atom can only give off a photon of energy equal to the change in energy of the electron. Only orbits where mvr = nh/2Π for the electron are possible. The principal quantum number, n, can be 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. The diagram shows the energy levels of hydrogen.
The magnitude of the force vector F is 270 newtons. They component of this vector is directed along the +y axis and has magnitude of 150 N. The x component is directed along the +x
For the circuit shown in Figure, find, using the superposition theorem, (a) The current flowing in and the p.d. across the resistor, (b) The current in the 8V battery and
1. What are multipoint constraints? 2. What is the difference between an RBE2 and RBE3? When is one use over the other? 3. What is the difference between an isotropic, othrot
Single crystal growth. The single crystals are grown either by the Czochralski (CZ) method or by the Float Zone (FZ) method. It having of a furnace with a gradient in temperatu
Derive the mathematical relation connecting n,u,v and R for refraction at a spherical surface concave towards a point object in a denser medium.
For germanium the forbidden gap is (A) 0.15ev. (B) 0.25ev. (C) 0.5ev. (D) 0.7ev. Ans: For germanium the forbidden gap is 0.7ev.
a magnatic train
Q. Explain what is light? Light is certainly electromagnetic radiation but the expression electromagnetic radiation is by no means an explanation of what light is. Light is a w
(i) Lead balls are spherical in shape. (ii) Rain leaves and a globule of mercury placed on glass plate are spherical. (iii) Hair of shaving painting brush, when goes in wate
Q. When the negative feedback is practical to an amplifier of gain 50 the gain falls to 25. Compute the feedback ratio? Af = A / 1 + Aβ 25 = 50 / 1 + 50 β 1 = 2 / 1 + 50
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