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What is a Database?
To know what database is, we have to start from data, which is the basic building block of any DBMS.
Data: Facts, figures, statistics etc. having no particular meaning (e.g. 1, ABC, 19 etc).
Record: Collection of related data items, e.g. in the above instance the three data items had no meaning. But if we organize them in the following way, then they collectively show meaningful information.
Consider a relation s over the attributes A and B with the following characteristics: 5,000 tuples with 10 tuples per page A 2-level B+ tree index on attribute
Define an abstraction by which relationships are treated as higher level entities Ans: Aggregation. It is an abstraction by which relationships are treated as higher level
These are designed to reduce the effects of a database failure and make sure a database is restored to a consistent state if a failure does arise. Manual backup/restore utilities n
Forward Recovery (Redo): In this system the committed changes made by a transaction are reapplied to a previous copy of the database. In simpler
The need for three level architecture The aim of the three level architecture is to divide each user's view of the database from the way the database is physically shown.
Question 1 What are the advantages of DBMS approach in managing data? Question 2 What are the services provided by a database system Question 3 List and briefly describe
What are the basic objects of the data dictionary? Tables Domains Data elements Structures Foreign Keys
Attribute Preservation This is a easy and obvious necessity that includes preserving all the attributes that were there in the relation that is being decomposed.
What Is Sql? Structured Query Language (SQL) is a standard query language. It is usually used with all relational databases for data manipulation and definition. All the re
Un-Normalized Form (UNF) If a table having non-atomic values at every row, it is said to be in UNF. An atomic value is something that cannot be further decomposed. A non-atomic
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