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What is a Database?
To know what database is, we have to start from data, which is the basic building block of any DBMS.
Data: Facts, figures, statistics etc. having no particular meaning (e.g. 1, ABC, 19 etc).
Record: Collection of related data items, e.g. in the above instance the three data items had no meaning. But if we organize them in the following way, then they collectively show meaningful information.
Given the following set of functional dependencies {cf?bg, g?d, cdg?f, b?de, d?c} defined on R(b,c,d,e,f,g) a.Find a non-redundant cover. b.Find a canonical cover.
What is Trigger? Trigger: A database trigger is procedural code which is automatically executed in response to specific events on a particular table in a database. Triggers can
10A.53 Code an Oracle Database trigger to enforce the constraint that an employee can never change his or her department. 10A.54 Code an Oracle Database trigger to allow the
What does the cardinality ratio specify? Mapping cardinalities or cardinality ratios state the number of entities to which another entity can be associated. Mapping cardinaliti
Which two files are used during operation of the DBMS? Data dictionary and transaction log are two files used during operation of the DBMS.
One-way Associations If an association is only traversed in single direction, then it is known as one-way association. It is implemented as a pointer or an attribute which con
Table_Name( attribute_1, attribute_2, attribute_3, ….. ,attribute_x) Primary Key ( attribute_1, attribute_2) Foreign Key attribute_4 References Table_Name_2 (repeat for each fore
In which relational modes, cardinality is termed? Answer : Cardinality is termed in a number of tuples relational modes.
data models are being replaced over years. Reasons and why does that happen?
Consider the subsequent relation schemes: Project (Project#, Project_name, chief_architect) Employee (Emp#, Empname) Assigned_To (Project#, Emp#) Give expression i
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