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What does the cardinality ratio specify?
Mapping cardinalities or cardinality ratios state the number of entities to which another entity can be associated. Mapping cardinalities must be one of the following:
One to one
One to many
Many to one
Many to many
Association as a cache This association must be updated when any new element is added to it, but testing for overlap using association is more efficient. Figure:
Explain the Recoverable Schedule A recoverable schedule is one in which for each pair of transactions Ti and Tj such that Tj reads a data item formerly written by Ti, the comm
Information about films holds information about movies, stars and studios. Movies have a title, year of production, length and the film type. Stars have a name and address. Studi
An example of a weak entity is Staff because the availabilityID cannot be uniquely identified unless it is used in conjunction with the foreign key known as availabilityID in the A
What is the use of group by clause? Group by clause is used to be relevant aggregate functions to a set of tuples. The attributes given in the group by clause are used to shape
Why were functional methods fashionable in early days? These are inspired directly by computer architecture and thus popular among computer scientist in early days. The divisio
Explain recovery process after system failure using checkpoint. Ans: Checkpoint scheme or method is an extra component of the log based recovery system. This scheme is used to
explain concept of decomposition?
What is a heterogeneous distributed database? In a heterogeneous distributed database, dissimilar sites may use different schemas, and dissimilar dbms s/w. The sites may not be
Define functional and multivalued dependencies. Ans: A functional dependency is a assets of the semantics of the attributes in a relation. The semantics point out how at
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