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What do you mean through integrity constraints?
Integrity Constraints -An integrity constraint is a condition specified on a database schema and restricts the data in which can be stored within an instance of the database. If a database instance satisfies all the integrity constraints described on the database schema, it is a legal instance. A DBMS enforces integrity constraints, in which it allows only legal instances to be stored in the database.
What is meant by normalization of data? It is a process of examining the given relation schemas based on their Functional Dependencies (FDs) and primary key to achieve the prop
Explain nested relations? Nested relations The assumption of INF is a natural one in the bank examples we have considered. However, not all applications are best modelled
Explain the Recoverable Schedule A recoverable schedule is one in which for each pair of transactions Ti and Tj such that Tj reads a data item formerly written by Ti, the comm
Example - ALTER TABLE emp MODIFY (empno NUMBER (7));
Association as a cache This association must be updated when any new element is added to it, but testing for overlap using association is more efficient. Figure:
What are the Objectives of Advance object design After this unit, you shall be able to: combine three OOAD models to obtain operations on the classes; develop algo
Candidate Key: In a relation R, a candidate key for R is a subset of the set of attributes of R, which have the differnt two properties: (1) Uniqueness: N
What are the three data anomalies that are similarly to take place as a result of data redundancy? Can data redundancy be completely eliminated in database approach? Why or why n
Describe integrity constraints? Integrity Constraints - A database is just as excellent as the information stored in it, and a DBMS must therefore help avoid the entry of inc
Why does a DBMS query language is designed? A DBMS query language is designed to support end users who use English-like commands. support in the development of complex applicat
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