Q. What is Hansen's disease (etiological agent, mode of transmission, clinical manifestations and prevention)?

The etiological agent of the Hansen's disease is bacteria called as Mycobacterium leprae. The mode of transmission is not yet completely known but it is believed that respiratory secretions and saliva drops can spread the disease. The Hansen's disease is a chronic disease (slow progression) that in general attacks the skin and the peripheral nerves although other areas of the body can be affected. In the skin reddish spots, nodules, thickening of the dermis and lack of sensitivity appear the especially the nasal mucosa, mucosae, may be injured and also the viscera may be affected. The major form of prevention is information, since there is available treatment; infected people should, as soon as possible, look for health services for evaluation and treatment of the disease. In the past Hansen's disease was known as leprosy.