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What are uncommitted modifications?
The immediate-modification technique permits database modifications to be output to the database whereas the transaction is still in the active state. Data modifications written by active transactions are known as uncommitted modifications.
Vertical Fragmentation- Vertical fragmentation groups together only those attributes in a relation that are used jointly by various important transactions. A vertical fragment is d
Illustrate the statement 'Projection operation distributes over the union operation'. Give an example. Ans: Π L (E 1 ∪ E 2 ) = (Π L (E 1 )) ∪ (Π L (E 2 )) This says th
Describe Parameteric end users? Parametric end users might be given update access, but are commonly not permitted to change the structure of data.
Explain trivial dependency? Functional dependency of the form α ->β. is trivial if α C β. Trivial functional dependencies are satisfied by all the relations.
What is transaction? Transaction is a unit of program implementation that accesses and possibly updated several data items.
Problem 1. Describe the following a) Advantages of Database Systems b) Functions of a DBMS Explanation of part (a) and (b) 2. Explain the following concepts w
losers with new information systems
Question 1 What are the advantages of DBMS approach in managing data? Question 2 What are the services provided by a database system Question 3 List and briefly describe
Q. Explain data aggregatio n and discuss different design constraints. Sol. Aggregation One limitation of the E-R model is that it cannot express relationships amon
Types Of Indexes One of the words used during the file organisation is the term index. In this part, let us describe this term in more detail. We find the index of keywords
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