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What are the types of reference?explain it with suitable examples?
Object oriented language given the ability to refer the object attribute of the type can be referred to the specified type. We can describe the type dept with a field name and a field head which is reference to the type person and a table dept of the type dept as followed
Create type dept(
Name varchar(20),
Head ref(person)scope people
)
Create table dept of dept
The table definition must state that the reverence is derived and must still state a self referential attribute name. When interesting a tuple for dept we can then use
Insert into dept
Values('CS','john')
What is 2NF? A relation schema R is in 2NF if it is in 1NF and every non-prime attribute A in R is fully functionally dependent on primary key.
explain in detail about crash recovery
Complete replication: It implies maintaining of a whole copy of the database at every site. Thus, the reliability & availability and performance for query response are maximized.
System error :These contain errors in database system or the OS, example, deadlocks.Such errors are fairly hard to detect and need reprogramming the erroneous components of the sys
Mention the type of constraints we can specify in the CREATE command of DDL. The type of constraints that can be specified are as follows:- PRIMARY KEY, NOT NULL, UNIQUE, FOR
Drawbacks of Database systems ?
The Second Normal Form (2NF) Definition: A relation is in 2NF if it is in 1NF and each non-key attribute is fully dependent on each candidate key of the relation. Some of th
(a) Why did SAP introduce the extended star schema?
Relational and E-R Model There are three types of constraints on relational database that have: DOMAIN CONSTRAINT PRIMARY KEY CONSTRAINT INTEGRITY CONSTRAINT
Explain Strict Two-Phase locking A transaction T does not release any type of its exclusive (X) locks until that transaction commits or aborts. In this method no other transact
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