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What are the problems if one were not to normalize? When do these problems surface?
Ans: Database normalization, sometimes considered to as canonical synthesis, is a method for designing relational database tables to minimize duplication of information and, in so doing, to preserve the database against specific types of logical or structural problems, that are data anomalies. For instance, when multiple instances of a given piece of information take place in a table, the possibility exists that these examples will not be kept consistent while the data within the table is updated, leading to a loss of data integrity. A table that is adequately normalized is less vulnerable to problems of this type, as its structure reflects the basic assumptions for while multiple instances of similar information should be denoted by a single instance only.
Explain the Recoverable Schedule A recoverable schedule is one in which for each pair of transactions Ti and Tj such that Tj reads a data item formerly written by Ti, the comm
How do I begin
Explain the Cascadeless Schedule A cascadeless schedule is one in which for every pair of transactions Ti and Tj like that Tj reads a data item before written by Ti, the commit
This constraint shows that the key attribute value in each tuple must be unique, i.e., no two tuples have the similar value for the key attribute. This is because the value of the
A collection of a same kind of entities is known as an Entity Set or entity type. Example: For the COLLEGE database defines earlier objects of concern are Students, Faculty,
Association as a cache This association must be updated when any new element is added to it, but testing for overlap using association is more efficient. Figure:
Draw the precedence graph of the following schedule and determine whether the schedule is serializable. (Note that all instructions, except lock and unlock, are omitted. We assume
give some example real-life situations where DBMS are most suiitabe
What is equi join? Equi Join - It generates all the combinations of tuples from two relations which satisfy a join condition along with only equality comparison (=).
What are the advantages of object ID? The main advantages of Object IDs are as below: i) IDs are not changing ii) IDs are completely independent of the changes in data v
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