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What are the problems if one were not to normalize? When do these problems surface?
Ans: Database normalization, sometimes considered to as canonical synthesis, is a method for designing relational database tables to minimize duplication of information and, in so doing, to preserve the database against specific types of logical or structural problems, that are data anomalies. For instance, when multiple instances of a given piece of information take place in a table, the possibility exists that these examples will not be kept consistent while the data within the table is updated, leading to a loss of data integrity. A table that is adequately normalized is less vulnerable to problems of this type, as its structure reflects the basic assumptions for while multiple instances of similar information should be denoted by a single instance only.
Relational and E-R Model There are three types of constraints on relational database that have: DOMAIN CONSTRAINT PRIMARY KEY CONSTRAINT INTEGRITY CONSTRAINT
Assume that you are responsible for selecting a new DBMS product for Sohar Hospital
How can we Classify the operations on classes This step fundamentally means all three models functional, object and dynamic (studied in last section) must be combined so that
Explain the term High level DML? High level DML A high-level or non-procedural DML permit the user to specify what data is needed without specifying how it is to be acquired.
Show, with the help of an example, that relatively high-level transitions result when system or program is stimulated by the outside events. In diagram below, we can observe i
What is the use of a slotted-page structure and what is the information are there in the header? The slotted-page structure is used for organizing records within a one block.
Example -Find the employee name, salary, department number and average salary of his/her department, for those employees whose salary is more than the average salary of that depart
Project Description: This is a Customer Management project. Customer data is presented in a text file. The program can load this text data into its database columns. The data ma
explain in detail about time stamp orderting/
Explain heap file with advantages? Heap File is an unordered set or a group of records, stored on a set of pages. This class gives basic support for inserting, updating, select
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