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What are the problems if one were not to normalize? When do these problems surface?
Ans: Database normalization, sometimes considered to as canonical synthesis, is a method for designing relational database tables to minimize duplication of information and, in so doing, to preserve the database against specific types of logical or structural problems, that are data anomalies. For instance, when multiple instances of a given piece of information take place in a table, the possibility exists that these examples will not be kept consistent while the data within the table is updated, leading to a loss of data integrity. A table that is adequately normalized is less vulnerable to problems of this type, as its structure reflects the basic assumptions for while multiple instances of similar information should be denoted by a single instance only.
State the Design of Associations Before designing associations, it is essential to know the way they are used. For this, analysis of association traversals is required. It is
Use of partial data by applications : In common, applications work with views rather than whole relations. Thus, it may be more appropriate to work with subsets of relations rather
Give detail description on Transactions. - Using transactions we can group all SQL commands into a single unit. - Transaction begins with some task and finishes only when a
Explain view in RDBMS? View - A view is a relation (virtual rather than base) and could be used in query expressions, which is, queries can be written by using the view as a re
Describe Embedded Query Language? Embedded Query Language - A query language (e.g., SQL) can be implemented in two ways. It can be used interactively or embedded within a host
How can we Classify the operations on classes This step fundamentally means all three models functional, object and dynamic (studied in last section) must be combined so that
Discuss along with examples about several types of attributes present in the ER model? Types of Attributes are: • SIMPLE attributes are attributes which are drawn from the ato
What are axioms? Axioms or rules of inference give a simpler technique for reasoning about
What is object identity? An object retains its identity even if some or all the values of variables or explanations of methods change overtime.
The following relational database schema represents part of a simplified database used by a library: tblBook (BookID, Title, PublisherID, Category,Price) tblPublisher (Publishe
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