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What are the DBMS languages? Briefly explain?
Data Definition language (DDL):A database schema is specified through a set of definitions expressed through a special language called data definition language. For instance, the subsequent statement in the SQL describes the account table
Create table account (account_number char(10), balance integer)
Execution of the above DDL statement creates the account table. DDL permits a user to specify storage structure and access techniques used through the database system as well as specify certain consistency constraints such as balance of an account should on fall below Rs1000.
Data Manipulation language (DML): A data-manipulation language (DML) is a language which enables users to access or manipulate data as organized through the appropriate data model.
There are basically two types:
1) Procedural DMLs needs a user to specify what data are required and how to get those data. 2) Declarative DMLs (also referred to as nonprocedural DMLs) need a user to specify what data are required without specifying how to get those data.
What are the two types of indices? The two types of indices are:- A) Dense index B) Sparse index
What are audit trails? An audit trail is a log of all alters to the database along with information like which user performed the change and when the alter was performed.
Which product produces the relation that has attributes of R1 and R2 ? Cartesian product produce the relation which has attributes of R1 and R2
(a) Why did SAP introduce the extended star schema?
You must implement the entity relationship model provided in the model solution to Assignment 1. The model solution will be released on the course website approximately TWO (2) we
Creating a view: A query can be embedded within the CREATE VIEW STATEMENT A query can have complex select statements containing join, groups and sub- queries A quer
How to Insert data in your table from another table? insert into e.g, To insert tuples from employee into N_emp created above, use following statement Insert into N_emp
Backward Recovery (UNDO): In this system the uncommitted changes made by a transaction to a database are undone. Instead the system is reset to the last consistent state of databa
Boyce-Code Normal Form (BCNF) A relationship is said to be in BCNF if it is already in 3NF and the left hand side of each dependency is a candidate key. A relation who is in 3N
Control as Concurrent Tasks The expression control as simultaneous task means applying control for those events of object which can happen simultaneously. An object can be imp
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