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What are the DBMS languages? Briefly explain?
Data Definition language (DDL):A database schema is specified through a set of definitions expressed through a special language called data definition language. For instance, the subsequent statement in the SQL describes the account table
Create table account (account_number char(10), balance integer)
Execution of the above DDL statement creates the account table. DDL permits a user to specify storage structure and access techniques used through the database system as well as specify certain consistency constraints such as balance of an account should on fall below Rs1000.
Data Manipulation language (DML): A data-manipulation language (DML) is a language which enables users to access or manipulate data as organized through the appropriate data model.
There are basically two types:
1) Procedural DMLs needs a user to specify what data are required and how to get those data. 2) Declarative DMLs (also referred to as nonprocedural DMLs) need a user to specify what data are required without specifying how to get those data.
What is a transaction ? The Transaction is a unit of data processing. For instance, many of the transactions at a bank may be withdrawal or deposit of money; transfer of money f
Explain the term- Query. Queries are used to repossess and show specific records in a table. They can also be used to show specific fields of specific records, which meet the co
Define lock? Lock is the most common used to execute the requirement is to permit a transaction to access a data item only if it is currently holding a lock on that item.
Explain Interblock gap? Interblock Gap - A track of a disk is separated into equal-sized disk blocks. Blocks are separated through fixed-size gaps, called as interblock gaps th
Describe the algorithm to draw the dependency graph? Ans: Algorithm to draw Precedence Graph is like this: a. For every transaction T i participating in schedule S, make
Explain what is DDL? DDL - Data Definition Language: statements used to define the database structure or schema. Some examples: CREATE - to create objects in the database ALT
What is data independence? Data Independence: Techniques which permit data to be changed without affecting the applications in which procedure it. There are two types of data
What is Trigger? Trigger: A database trigger is procedural code which is automatically executed in response to specific events on a particular table in a database. Triggers can
What are the two main goals of parallelism? Load -balance multiple small accesses, so that the throughput of such accesses enhances. Parallelize large accesses so that the res
What are the four main characteristics of the database approach? The four major characteristics of the database approach are: 1. Self-describing nature of a database system. 2.
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