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What are the DBMS languages? Briefly explain?
Data Definition language (DDL):A database schema is specified through a set of definitions expressed through a special language called data definition language. For instance, the subsequent statement in the SQL describes the account table
Create table account (account_number char(10), balance integer)
Execution of the above DDL statement creates the account table. DDL permits a user to specify storage structure and access techniques used through the database system as well as specify certain consistency constraints such as balance of an account should on fall below Rs1000.
Data Manipulation language (DML): A data-manipulation language (DML) is a language which enables users to access or manipulate data as organized through the appropriate data model.
There are basically two types:
1) Procedural DMLs needs a user to specify what data are required and how to get those data. 2) Declarative DMLs (also referred to as nonprocedural DMLs) need a user to specify what data are required without specifying how to get those data.
Data Replication "If a relation R has its copies kept at two or more sites, then it is considered replicated". But why do we replicate a relation? There are several advan
How many levels can be viewed in Architecture of the database ? Architecture of the database can be viewed as three levels.
construct a B+ tree for the following set of key value (2,3,5,7,11,19,23,29,31) in ascending order where the pointers that will fit in one node is as follows:A. four B. six C. eigh
Explain the disadvantages of file oriented approach? In the oriented approach Applications are designed in isolation. Design of application is optimized for one application. In
Improved availability: The data in a distributed system may be replicated so that it is at more than one site. Thus, the failure of a node or a communication link does not necessar
Design a gennalization and specialization hierarchy for an automobile sales company
E-R model uses this symbol to represent weak entity set ? A Doubly outlined rectangle symbol is used to represent weak entity set.
distributed quey processing
Discuss the differences among the candidate keys and the primary key of a relation. Give instance to describe your answer? A candidate key is one that can be used as primary ke
In E-R Diagram how relationship type is represented ? In E-R Diagram relationship type is represented as a Diamond.
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