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Water loss during excretion
In terrestrial animals body water is also lost during excretion of nitrogenous wastes. A number of physiological adaptations have taken place to minimise the loss of water associated with this phenomena. You have learnt in the previous Unit that among terrestrial invertebrates, insects are highly effective in conserving water.
In terrestrial vertebrates, kidney is the chief organ of osmoregulation and excretion. The loop of Henle is the specialised part of the nephron which produces hyperosmotic urine. Amphibians and reptiles which are unable to produce a hyperosmotic urine, as an adaptive consequence, cease urine production entirely during the period of osmotic stress.
Congenital Syphilis A positive serological test for syphilis in a newborn without stigmata of syphilis may be due either to passive transfer of maternal antibodies or to prena
In what ways could human activity lead to the extinction of a species in an area? Human activity could lead to extinction of a species by (a) over-hunting, e.g. elephants, rhin
DNA and RNA are polymers composed of repeated units called?
functions of arteries in mammals
What is the chemical nature of carbohydrates? The name carbohydrate owes its origin to the fact that most substances of this class have empirical formulae suggesting that they
What is the spontaneous generation hypothesis? The spontaneous generation hypothesys, or abiogenesis, asserts that life on earth has come from nonliving material. For instance,
Q. What is the major evolutionary novelty presented by annelids? The main evolutionary novelty presented by the beings of the phylum Annelida is the coelom, the internal body c
Q. Do the amine and the carboxyl groups attached to central carbons participate in the union between amino acids? Yes. The nitrogen of the amine group of one amino acid binds t
How is it explained that a person with the spinal cord sectioned at the cervical level is still able to perform the patellar reflex? The arch reflex depends only on the integr
Steroid and Thyroid Hormones Cytoplasmic receptors for steroids are proteins with two subunits that bind to the steroid molecules. When both receptor sites are occupied by the
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