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Water loss during excretion
In terrestrial animals body water is also lost during excretion of nitrogenous wastes. A number of physiological adaptations have taken place to minimise the loss of water associated with this phenomena. You have learnt in the previous Unit that among terrestrial invertebrates, insects are highly effective in conserving water.
In terrestrial vertebrates, kidney is the chief organ of osmoregulation and excretion. The loop of Henle is the specialised part of the nephron which produces hyperosmotic urine. Amphibians and reptiles which are unable to produce a hyperosmotic urine, as an adaptive consequence, cease urine production entirely during the period of osmotic stress.
X e n o t r a n s p l a n t a t i o n Over the past 20 years transplantation of heart and kidney has become almost a routine in human but the availability of
Radiometer Radiometer measures the flux of energy of all wavelengths received on a single surface of the receiver. There are also instruments that can measure the difference be
A patient has a low red blood cell count, and microscopic examination reveals an abnormally high proportion of circulating reticulocytes. Upon subsequent examination, the patient i
Explain Iron Balance and Regulation of Iron Absorption? The body has three unique mechanisms for maintaining iron balance. The first is the continuous reutilization of iron fro
MONOSACCHARID E DERIVATIVES They are modified monosaccharides. G L YCOSIDES They are compounds formed by condensation reaction between a sugar and hydroxyl group
Monosaccharides are frequently known as single or simple sugars and are the easiest of all carbohydrates. That is the building blocks of all higher carbohydrates. The Monosacchari
EMBRYONI C MEMBRANES - Such animals are called amniota. Embronic membranes are of 4 types - (i) Yolk sac - It is formed below the embryo. It contains fluid (no yolk
Explain the Coenzyme in enzyme catalyzed reactions? Thiamin functions as the coenzyme thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) in the inetabolism of carbohydrates and branched- chain amino
The axons of all the baroreceptors in the body were destroyed at 2 AM. All else is normal. Which of the following statements is true for the system at 2:10 AM when compared to the
Driving Force - Mineral Nutrition Let us now find out what is the driving force involved in protein mediated transport. Many membrane transport proteins allow specific solute
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