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Water loss during excretion
In terrestrial animals body water is also lost during excretion of nitrogenous wastes. A number of physiological adaptations have taken place to minimise the loss of water associated with this phenomena. You have learnt in the previous Unit that among terrestrial invertebrates, insects are highly effective in conserving water.
In terrestrial vertebrates, kidney is the chief organ of osmoregulation and excretion. The loop of Henle is the specialised part of the nephron which produces hyperosmotic urine. Amphibians and reptiles which are unable to produce a hyperosmotic urine, as an adaptive consequence, cease urine production entirely during the period of osmotic stress.
Aril - Seed Appendages It is an outgrowth that arises from the funicle or the testa near the raphe and covers the seed partially or completely. It is often referred to as the
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secretary tapetum
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Of which type of tissue are cartilages and bones made? Are the cells of the connective tissue far or near to the others? The relative great spacing among cells is a typical
Describe the concept of soil testing Different grades of complex and mixed fertilizers are being marketed to suit the soil and crops of a region. The recommendations are made o
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