Vertebrate kidney, Biology

Assignment Help:

Vertebrate Kidney

Typically, all vertebrates have a pair of kidneys, which function on the filtration - reabsorption - secretion principle. Only in a few teleost fishes, the kidney is aglomerular (without a glomerulus) and functions on the absorption - reabsorption - secretion principle as in the malpighian tubules of insects. The functional unit of the vertebrate kidney is the nephron or the uriniferous tubule. A small fish may have only a few dozen nephrons in its kidneys; a large mammal may have several million.  A mammalis nephron begins with the renal corpuscle or the Malpighian body which consists of a double-walled cup, the Bowman's capsule, enclosing a knot of blood capillaries called glomeplus.

359_Vertebrate Kidney.png

Figure:  Schematic diagram of mammalian kidney and nephoron

Blood is brought to the kidney by the renal artery which branches and sub-branches into interloper arteries and finally into the afferent arteriole which gives rise to the capillary network of the glomerulus. An efferent arteriole formed by the confluence of the capillaries takes blood away from the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule latter continues into a long convoluted tubule which is distinguished into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules respectively. The distal convoluted tubules from different nephorons join to form the collecting tubule which carry the urine into the renal pelvis from where the ureter starts. The proximal and distal tubules are present in all vertebrates, but in birds and mammals a new U-shaped hair-pin-like segment called Henle's loop is present between proximal and the distal tubules. In the following section we shall study structural variations in the vertebrate kidney.


Related Discussions:- Vertebrate kidney

Explain nutrition or diet counseling, Explain Nutrition or diet counseling ...

Explain Nutrition or diet counseling Nutrition or diet counseling  is a  primary educational activity  of  the dietitian.  It incorporates the idea of working with a patient, e

Describe about transposition of the great arteries, Describe about Transpos...

Describe about Transposition of the Great Arteries ? Abnormal origin of the great artesies from the ventricular complex. Pulmonary Artery arises from the morphological left ven

What are the hormones secreted by the neurohypophysis, What are the hormone...

What are the hormones secreted by the neurohypophysis? What are their respective functions? The neurohypophysis secretes oxytocin and the antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Oxytoci

Spreading mechanisms of the disease, Talk about briefly three  of the commo...

Talk about briefly three  of the common enteric diseases caused by inadequate clean water supply and insufficient sanitation facilities. Your talk should contain the source and spr

What is insulin pump, Insulin Pump An  insulin pump is a device used fo...

Insulin Pump An  insulin pump is a device used for the administration of  insulin, also known as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy. The device includes: - the

Define regulation and excretion of sodium and chloride, Define Regulation a...

Define Regulation and Excretion of sodium and chloride? Renal excretion and retention of these elements is closely regulated. The total content of body sodium especially the co

Name three major groups into which mammals are divided, What are the three ...

What are the three major groups into which mammals are divided? The three groups into which mammals are divided are: monotremes (or prototherian, e.g., platypus), marsupials (o

How fats promote absorption of fat soluble vitamins, 1. Fats promote absorp...

1. Fats promote absorption of fat soluble vitamins like vitamin A, D, E and K. Patients of cystic fibrosis often absorb fat poorly and are at-risk for fat-soluble vitamin deficienc

Organization in non-reduced embryo sacs , Organization in non-reduced embry...

Organization in non-reduced embryo sacs The fate of a nucleus in the embryo sac depends upon its position. Many irregularities in the disposition of nuclei in the early polar

Explain phenotypical characteristics of alleles of a gene, What are few exa...

What are few examples of phenotypical characteristics that present two or more varieties and of phenotypical features that do not vary? In relation to the genes correspondent to th

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd