Vertebrate kidney, Biology

Assignment Help:

Vertebrate Kidney

Typically, all vertebrates have a pair of kidneys, which function on the filtration - reabsorption - secretion principle. Only in a few teleost fishes, the kidney is aglomerular (without a glomerulus) and functions on the absorption - reabsorption - secretion principle as in the malpighian tubules of insects. The functional unit of the vertebrate kidney is the nephron or the uriniferous tubule. A small fish may have only a few dozen nephrons in its kidneys; a large mammal may have several million.  A mammalis nephron begins with the renal corpuscle or the Malpighian body which consists of a double-walled cup, the Bowman's capsule, enclosing a knot of blood capillaries called glomeplus.

359_Vertebrate Kidney.png

Figure:  Schematic diagram of mammalian kidney and nephoron

Blood is brought to the kidney by the renal artery which branches and sub-branches into interloper arteries and finally into the afferent arteriole which gives rise to the capillary network of the glomerulus. An efferent arteriole formed by the confluence of the capillaries takes blood away from the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule latter continues into a long convoluted tubule which is distinguished into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules respectively. The distal convoluted tubules from different nephorons join to form the collecting tubule which carry the urine into the renal pelvis from where the ureter starts. The proximal and distal tubules are present in all vertebrates, but in birds and mammals a new U-shaped hair-pin-like segment called Henle's loop is present between proximal and the distal tubules. In the following section we shall study structural variations in the vertebrate kidney.


Related Discussions:- Vertebrate kidney

Left main coronary artery disease, Left Main Coronary Artery Disease (LMCA...

Left Main Coronary Artery Disease (LMCAD) : Stenosis of 50 per cent or more of the left main coronary artery is an indication. If or surgery. Results of medical management are ver

Oogenesis, New advancements and discoveries related to oogenesis

New advancements and discoveries related to oogenesis

What do adp and atp mean, Q. What do ADP and ATP mean? What are the functio...

Q. What do ADP and ATP mean? What are the functions of these molecules for the cellular energetic metabolism? ADP is an short form of adenosine diphosphate, two molecules of ph

Define fuel molecules and lipogenesis, Define Fuel Molecules and Lipogenesi...

Define Fuel Molecules and Lipogenesis? Lipogenesis is a collective name for the complex process of producing lipids (fatty acids) from smaller precursor molecules. The synthesi

Invertebrates - osmotic and ionic regulation, Invertebrates - Osmotic and I...

Invertebrates - Osmotic and Ionic Regulation Regulation of water and ions in invertebrates is done by neuroendocrine mechanism. It operates at the level of Malpighian tubules

Foraminifera, Foraminifera is the single-celled protists which secrete a s...

Foraminifera is the single-celled protists which secrete a shell or test. This is the accumulations of the shells of dead foraminifera and the other microscopic sea creatures form

Neurons, how does sodium and potassium ions maintain the resting petential ...

how does sodium and potassium ions maintain the resting petential of neurons

Show symptoms of dyspepsia, Q. Show Symptoms of Dyspepsia? The symptoms...

Q. Show Symptoms of Dyspepsia? The symptoms are heartburn, upper abdominal discomfort (often food-related) indigestion, bloating, fullness, nausea and anorexia. Such symptoms c

Active or moderately active lifestyles - physical activity, Define Active o...

Define Active or moderately active Lifestyles - physical activity? These people have occupations that p-e not strenuous in terms of energy demands, but involve more energy expe

Define criteria for assessment of vitamin d status, Define Criteria for Ass...

Define Criteria for Assessment of Vitamin D Status? You may recall the events involved in calcium homeostasis described earlier in this section. We studied that sufficient 25-O

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd