Vertebrate kidney, Biology

Assignment Help:

Vertebrate Kidney

Typically, all vertebrates have a pair of kidneys, which function on the filtration - reabsorption - secretion principle. Only in a few teleost fishes, the kidney is aglomerular (without a glomerulus) and functions on the absorption - reabsorption - secretion principle as in the malpighian tubules of insects. The functional unit of the vertebrate kidney is the nephron or the uriniferous tubule. A small fish may have only a few dozen nephrons in its kidneys; a large mammal may have several million.  A mammalis nephron begins with the renal corpuscle or the Malpighian body which consists of a double-walled cup, the Bowman's capsule, enclosing a knot of blood capillaries called glomeplus.

359_Vertebrate Kidney.png

Figure:  Schematic diagram of mammalian kidney and nephoron

Blood is brought to the kidney by the renal artery which branches and sub-branches into interloper arteries and finally into the afferent arteriole which gives rise to the capillary network of the glomerulus. An efferent arteriole formed by the confluence of the capillaries takes blood away from the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule latter continues into a long convoluted tubule which is distinguished into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules respectively. The distal convoluted tubules from different nephorons join to form the collecting tubule which carry the urine into the renal pelvis from where the ureter starts. The proximal and distal tubules are present in all vertebrates, but in birds and mammals a new U-shaped hair-pin-like segment called Henle's loop is present between proximal and the distal tubules. In the following section we shall study structural variations in the vertebrate kidney.


Related Discussions:- Vertebrate kidney

Empyema, Empyema: Empyema is accumulation of  thick pus in the pleural...

Empyema: Empyema is accumulation of  thick pus in the pleural cavity. Primary infection of pleura does not arise so the pathology may either be in chest wall, mediastinum or t

Proteins, assignment on the topic proteins

assignment on the topic proteins

What is the use of uristix, What is the Use of Uristix There are some e...

What is the Use of Uristix There are some enzymatic products and reagents impregnated on paper or plastic strips and dipping them in urine provide the results in less time comp

Define theory for check the presence of rhodamine b, Define Theory for Chec...

Define Theory for Check the Presence of Rhodamine B? Addition of artificial colours to pulses, spices and tea is not permitted by PFA act. But certain colours, which contain le

What are the main endocrine glands of the human body, What are the main end...

What are the main endocrine glands of the human body? The major endocrine glands of the human body are the pineal gland (or pineal body), the hypophysis (or pituitary), the thy

Ageing, AGEING - The appearance of some changes as the body grows older...

AGEING - The appearance of some changes as the body grows older is called ageing. It ultinately leads to death. It can be defined as deteoration in structure and function of

What are the representatives of the phylum mollusca, Q What are the few rep...

Q What are the few representatives of the phylum Mollusca? Octopuses, Snails, oysters and squids are examples of molluscs. Q. In which habitats do molluscs live? Mollus

Explain dose-scaling, Dose-scaling Toxicological equivalent doses in a...

Dose-scaling Toxicological equivalent doses in animals and humans are a debatable issue. The Joint FAOIWHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and Joint FA01 WHO Meetin

Fuel requirements - deforestation, Fuel Requirements - Deforestation T...

Fuel Requirements - Deforestation The increasing demand for fuel wood is one of the major factors leading to the degradation of the forest ecosystem. Fuel wood is of such majo

How do you verify that a certain gene encodes a certain prot, For homework,...

For homework, I had to prove that a certain catalyst was a protein, then tell how I would purify the protein, then tell how I would clone a human chromosomal region that contains t

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd