Vertebrate kidney, Biology

Assignment Help:

Vertebrate Kidney

Typically, all vertebrates have a pair of kidneys, which function on the filtration - reabsorption - secretion principle. Only in a few teleost fishes, the kidney is aglomerular (without a glomerulus) and functions on the absorption - reabsorption - secretion principle as in the malpighian tubules of insects. The functional unit of the vertebrate kidney is the nephron or the uriniferous tubule. A small fish may have only a few dozen nephrons in its kidneys; a large mammal may have several million.  A mammalis nephron begins with the renal corpuscle or the Malpighian body which consists of a double-walled cup, the Bowman's capsule, enclosing a knot of blood capillaries called glomeplus.

359_Vertebrate Kidney.png

Figure:  Schematic diagram of mammalian kidney and nephoron

Blood is brought to the kidney by the renal artery which branches and sub-branches into interloper arteries and finally into the afferent arteriole which gives rise to the capillary network of the glomerulus. An efferent arteriole formed by the confluence of the capillaries takes blood away from the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule latter continues into a long convoluted tubule which is distinguished into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules respectively. The distal convoluted tubules from different nephorons join to form the collecting tubule which carry the urine into the renal pelvis from where the ureter starts. The proximal and distal tubules are present in all vertebrates, but in birds and mammals a new U-shaped hair-pin-like segment called Henle's loop is present between proximal and the distal tubules. In the following section we shall study structural variations in the vertebrate kidney.


Related Discussions:- Vertebrate kidney

What do you mean by st hystersis, Q. What do you mean by ST Hystersis? ...

Q. What do you mean by ST Hystersis? Ans. The rate of recovery of ST depression has been recognized as a measure of ischaemia severity for many years. When comparing the m

Explain the use of enzyme assay, Explain the use of Enzyme assay Enzym...

Explain the use of Enzyme assay Enzyme assay is also used for research into such processes as the browning of plant products which poses problems during value addition. The br

Nutrition, define alimentary canal

define alimentary canal

Differentiation - morphogenesis and tissue organisation, Differentiation - ...

Differentiation - Morphogenesis and Tissue Organisation It should be clear to you that a single cell, the fertilized egg, gives rise to various structures that we mentioned. S

Ecretory system, excretory product of marine teleost

excretory product of marine teleost

How a glycosidic bond would be present, A glycosidic bond would be present ...

A glycosidic bond would be present in: Select one: a. acetone. b. methyl-alpha-D-glucose. c. 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribose. d. glucose-6-phosphate. e. fructose-1, 6-bisph

Respiration in fishes, RESPIR A TIO N IN FISHES - Respiratory org...

RESPIR A TIO N IN FISHES - Respiratory organs are gills. In elasmobranchi 5-7 pairs of gills present, spiracles present. In Teleostomai 4 pairs gills present, covered

Extractive use of biodiversity, Q. Extractive use of biodiversity? This...

Q. Extractive use of biodiversity? This includes direct use such as harvesting of wild plant species for use as food, fuel, fodder, fibre, shelter or medicine and hunting anima

Nitrogen fixation and assimilation, Nitrogen is needed mostly for the synth...

Nitrogen is needed mostly for the synthesis of amino acids and nucleotides. Sources of nitrogen can be obtain from organic as well as inorganic sources, but the whole target is the

Hormones controlling other functions, Hormones Controlling Other Functions ...

Hormones Controlling Other Functions Crustacean's exhibit pronounced capacity for physiological color changes. It is known that the color changing mechanisms in Crustacea are

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd