Vertebrate kidney, Biology

Assignment Help:

Vertebrate Kidney

Typically, all vertebrates have a pair of kidneys, which function on the filtration - reabsorption - secretion principle. Only in a few teleost fishes, the kidney is aglomerular (without a glomerulus) and functions on the absorption - reabsorption - secretion principle as in the malpighian tubules of insects. The functional unit of the vertebrate kidney is the nephron or the uriniferous tubule. A small fish may have only a few dozen nephrons in its kidneys; a large mammal may have several million.  A mammalis nephron begins with the renal corpuscle or the Malpighian body which consists of a double-walled cup, the Bowman's capsule, enclosing a knot of blood capillaries called glomeplus.

359_Vertebrate Kidney.png

Figure:  Schematic diagram of mammalian kidney and nephoron

Blood is brought to the kidney by the renal artery which branches and sub-branches into interloper arteries and finally into the afferent arteriole which gives rise to the capillary network of the glomerulus. An efferent arteriole formed by the confluence of the capillaries takes blood away from the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule latter continues into a long convoluted tubule which is distinguished into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules respectively. The distal convoluted tubules from different nephorons join to form the collecting tubule which carry the urine into the renal pelvis from where the ureter starts. The proximal and distal tubules are present in all vertebrates, but in birds and mammals a new U-shaped hair-pin-like segment called Henle's loop is present between proximal and the distal tubules. In the following section we shall study structural variations in the vertebrate kidney.


Related Discussions:- Vertebrate kidney

Define interaction of vitamin k with calcium, Define interaction of vitamin...

Define interaction of vitamin k with Calcium? Since vitamin D functions have an impact on calcium metabolism, an inter-relationship exists between vitamin IS-dependent proteins

Indications for surgery-pulmonary regurgitation, Indications for Surgery : ...

Indications for Surgery : Patients usually present with fatigue, dyspnoea and ventricular arrhythmias. If they have additional tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary valve replacement

Types of disease, TYPES OF DISEASE    ...

TYPES OF DISEASE     communicable Caused by infective agents disease

Explain brotherhood and sisterhood using abo blood typing, Is it possible t...

Is it possible to perform investigation of natural paternity, maternity or brotherhood and sisterhood using the ABO blood typing? By using an ABO blood typing it is possible on

Clathrin-coated pits and vesicles, Clathrin-coated pits and vesicles are in...

Clathrin-coated pits and vesicles are included in both the endocytosis   of material   at the plasma membrane and the exocytosis of proteins from the Golgi   apparatus.  Electron

Caruncle - seed appendages, Caruncle - Seed Appendages This is a white...

Caruncle - Seed Appendages This is a white, collar-like structure borne on the micropylar end of the seed in many members of the Euphorbiaceae, such as castor, Ricinus communi

How physical activity affect requirement of protein, How Physical Activity ...

How Physical Activity affect requirement of protein? Research on protein needs for muscular work had its beginning in 1863 when Von Leiberg postulated that muscle protein was d

Define tracheal system in details., Define tracheal system in details. ...

Define tracheal system in details. Respiratory system found in insects and some spiders where air passes directly to the tissues through a series of tubules. Since oxygen tran

Trypanosomes – flagellates, Trypanosomes – Flagellates The trypanosome...

Trypanosomes – Flagellates The trypanosomes are among the serious pathogens that cause high mortality among human populations and domestic animals in Africa and also in South

Determine the effect of iodine deficiency, Determine the Effect of Iodine D...

Determine the Effect of Iodine Deficiency? Iodine deficiency affects all populations at all stages of life, from the intrauterine stage to old age. However, pregnant women, lac

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd