Vertebrate kidney, Biology

Assignment Help:

Vertebrate Kidney

Typically, all vertebrates have a pair of kidneys, which function on the filtration - reabsorption - secretion principle. Only in a few teleost fishes, the kidney is aglomerular (without a glomerulus) and functions on the absorption - reabsorption - secretion principle as in the malpighian tubules of insects. The functional unit of the vertebrate kidney is the nephron or the uriniferous tubule. A small fish may have only a few dozen nephrons in its kidneys; a large mammal may have several million.  A mammalis nephron begins with the renal corpuscle or the Malpighian body which consists of a double-walled cup, the Bowman's capsule, enclosing a knot of blood capillaries called glomeplus.

359_Vertebrate Kidney.png

Figure:  Schematic diagram of mammalian kidney and nephoron

Blood is brought to the kidney by the renal artery which branches and sub-branches into interloper arteries and finally into the afferent arteriole which gives rise to the capillary network of the glomerulus. An efferent arteriole formed by the confluence of the capillaries takes blood away from the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule latter continues into a long convoluted tubule which is distinguished into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules respectively. The distal convoluted tubules from different nephorons join to form the collecting tubule which carry the urine into the renal pelvis from where the ureter starts. The proximal and distal tubules are present in all vertebrates, but in birds and mammals a new U-shaped hair-pin-like segment called Henle's loop is present between proximal and the distal tubules. In the following section we shall study structural variations in the vertebrate kidney.


Related Discussions:- Vertebrate kidney

What is a population, What is a population? The population is a set of ...

What is a population? The population is a set of individuals of the same species found in a given place in a given time.

Explain measles, Measles Adults born after 1956 who have not received ...

Measles Adults born after 1956 who have not received 2 doses of live measles vaccine (not the killed vaccine that was commonly used in the 1960s) after their first birthday an

Carbomedics valve-types of valves, Carbomedics Valve :  Almost simila...

Carbomedics Valve :  Almost similar to StJude Medical valve, his is a low profile bileaflet valve made of pyrolitic carbon. On echo cardiography four small jets of regurg

Pathophysiology and assessment of purpura, Pathophysiolog y   Normal...

Pathophysiolog y   Normally the platelets are formed from megakaryocytes (stem cells) in the.  bone marrow. These cells mature, fragment and are released in  the blood strea

Explain free water - water found in food, Explain Free Water - Water Found ...

Explain Free Water - Water Found in Food? Water which is bound by such minute forces, that its vapour pressure is equal to the vapour pressure of pure water. It can be found as

Nutrition, The oxidation of sugar in the cell of higher organisms takes pla...

The oxidation of sugar in the cell of higher organisms takes place in the ?

Expression clone, Expression clone  is a clone (plasmid in the bacteria, or...

Expression clone  is a clone (plasmid in the bacteria, or might be a lambda phage in bacteria) which is designed to produce the protein from the DNA insert. Mammalian genes do not

Nature of neuropsychological tests, Nature of neuropsychological tests ...

Nature of neuropsychological tests Neuropsychological tests are aids in the neuropsychological examination. The tests calculates specified psychological processes including the

Deficiency diseases-post-parturient haemoglobinuria (pph), Post-parturient ...

Post-parturient haemoglobinuria (pph) in cattle and buffaloes The post-parturient haemoglobinuria (PPH) is an acute disease of high yielding buffaloes and cows. The disease oc

Pneumonia, Pneumonia: Pneumonia is an inflammation with consolidation ...

Pneumonia: Pneumonia is an inflammation with consolidation  of  the parenchyma of  the lung. It occurs most commonly in infants and young children and may occur as primary dis

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd