Vertebrate kidney, Biology

Assignment Help:

Vertebrate Kidney

Typically, all vertebrates have a pair of kidneys, which function on the filtration - reabsorption - secretion principle. Only in a few teleost fishes, the kidney is aglomerular (without a glomerulus) and functions on the absorption - reabsorption - secretion principle as in the malpighian tubules of insects. The functional unit of the vertebrate kidney is the nephron or the uriniferous tubule. A small fish may have only a few dozen nephrons in its kidneys; a large mammal may have several million.  A mammalis nephron begins with the renal corpuscle or the Malpighian body which consists of a double-walled cup, the Bowman's capsule, enclosing a knot of blood capillaries called glomeplus.

359_Vertebrate Kidney.png

Figure:  Schematic diagram of mammalian kidney and nephoron

Blood is brought to the kidney by the renal artery which branches and sub-branches into interloper arteries and finally into the afferent arteriole which gives rise to the capillary network of the glomerulus. An efferent arteriole formed by the confluence of the capillaries takes blood away from the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule latter continues into a long convoluted tubule which is distinguished into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules respectively. The distal convoluted tubules from different nephorons join to form the collecting tubule which carry the urine into the renal pelvis from where the ureter starts. The proximal and distal tubules are present in all vertebrates, but in birds and mammals a new U-shaped hair-pin-like segment called Henle's loop is present between proximal and the distal tubules. In the following section we shall study structural variations in the vertebrate kidney.


Related Discussions:- Vertebrate kidney

Mismatch and recombinational repair, Q. Mismatch and Recombinational repair...

Q. Mismatch and Recombinational repair? Mismatch repair: 1. Mismatches can take place when DNA polymerase inserts wrong nucleotide during replication 2. Mismatch repair is

Morphological changes, Morphological changes Aquatic plants produce di...

Morphological changes Aquatic plants produce different kinds of leaves and produce aerenchyma (tissues with air gaps) where there be a need to do so. Also, a thick cuticle on

Limiting factor - ecosystem, Limiting Factor - Ecosystem In all ecosys...

Limiting Factor - Ecosystem In all ecosystems one factor, usually abiotic, limits the growth of organisms and is therefore called a limiting factor. The limiting factor is one

Define bioactive materials, Q. Define Bioactive materials? Bioactive ma...

Q. Define Bioactive materials? Bioactive materials: Certain glasses, ceramics, and glass-ceramics that contain oxides of silicon, sodium, calcium and phosphorus (SiO 2 , Na 2

List out the principles of food preservation, List out the Principles of Fo...

List out the Principles of Food Preservation? All food preservation methods are based upon the general principle of preventing or retarding the causes of spoilage caused by mic

Professional guidance in diabetes mellitus, Counselling refers to professi...

Counselling refers to professional guidance in resolving personal conflicts and emotional problems. Counselling is a process which enables a person to identify problems and find a

Explain about blood pressure, Explain about Blood pressure Blood press...

Explain about Blood pressure Blood pressure is explained as the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries. Blood pressure (BP) can be described as the fo

Types of neural networks, Types of Neural networks Neural networks can...

Types of Neural networks Neural networks can be grouped into: Sensory filter networks that are organised so as to pass on only certain features of a complex senso

Deficiency diseases-osteomalacia, Osteomalacia Similar to rickets in yo...

Osteomalacia Similar to rickets in young growing animals, osteomalacia is a disease of mature animals caused by absolute or relative deficiency of any one or combination of cal

What are carbohydrates, Q. What are carbohydrates? Carbohydrates are i...

Q. What are carbohydrates? Carbohydrates are important organic compounds widely distributed in animals and plants. Plants can synthesize carbohydrates by the process of photos

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd