Vertebrate kidney, Biology

Assignment Help:

Vertebrate Kidney

Typically, all vertebrates have a pair of kidneys, which function on the filtration - reabsorption - secretion principle. Only in a few teleost fishes, the kidney is aglomerular (without a glomerulus) and functions on the absorption - reabsorption - secretion principle as in the malpighian tubules of insects. The functional unit of the vertebrate kidney is the nephron or the uriniferous tubule. A small fish may have only a few dozen nephrons in its kidneys; a large mammal may have several million.  A mammalis nephron begins with the renal corpuscle or the Malpighian body which consists of a double-walled cup, the Bowman's capsule, enclosing a knot of blood capillaries called glomeplus.

359_Vertebrate Kidney.png

Figure:  Schematic diagram of mammalian kidney and nephoron

Blood is brought to the kidney by the renal artery which branches and sub-branches into interloper arteries and finally into the afferent arteriole which gives rise to the capillary network of the glomerulus. An efferent arteriole formed by the confluence of the capillaries takes blood away from the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule latter continues into a long convoluted tubule which is distinguished into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules respectively. The distal convoluted tubules from different nephorons join to form the collecting tubule which carry the urine into the renal pelvis from where the ureter starts. The proximal and distal tubules are present in all vertebrates, but in birds and mammals a new U-shaped hair-pin-like segment called Henle's loop is present between proximal and the distal tubules. In the following section we shall study structural variations in the vertebrate kidney.


Related Discussions:- Vertebrate kidney

For the biological diversity is mitosis or meiosis, For the biological dive...

For the biological diversity is mitosis or meiosis the more important process? Meiosis is the cell division process that permits the formation of gametes to sexual reproduction

What are allosteric enzymes, What are allosteric enzymes? Allosteric re...

What are allosteric enzymes? Allosteric regulators can be allosteric inhibitors or allosteric activators. The interaction among an allosteric enzyme and the allosteric inhibito

How calcium prevents luxury consumption of potassium, How calcium prevents ...

How calcium prevents luxury consumption of potassium Increasing Ca:K ratio in soil solution depresses the uptake of potassium. Thus one of the harmful effects of over liming m

Explain the observation or inference for seliwanoff test, Explain the Obser...

Explain the Observation or Inference for seliwanoff's test? 1. Wine or cherry red colour seen. Wine red colour confirms the presence of a ketose sugar. Note: On overheating

Zoonoses disease-monkey pox, Monkey pox Monkey pox is caused by Monkey pox...

Monkey pox Monkey pox is caused by Monkey pox virus, a member of genus Orthopoxvirus. Transmission generally occurs as a result of close contact with infected animals, mostly thro

Explain about catheters and guide wires, Q. Explain about Catheters and Gui...

Q. Explain about Catheters and Guide Wires? The commonly used guide wires vary in diameter from 0.012 to 0.052; with 0.035 or 0.038 being the most commonly used sizes. The stan

What is goitrogens anti-thyroid substance, Q. What is Goitrogens anti-thyro...

Q. What is Goitrogens anti-thyroid substance? Ans. Goitrogenslanti-thyroid substances present in certain plant foods have been found to interfere with the uptake of iodine

Biochemistry starch and dextrin test, Why there is difference in the colour...

Why there is difference in the colour obtained for the dextrin solution (ammonium sulphate and dextrin )when brought to iodine test Respetively by first half saturation test and t

Define the insulin resistance - obesity, Define the Insulin resistance - Ob...

Define the Insulin resistance - Obesity? Insulin resistance is a condition in which your body cells cannot utilize insulin efficiently although sufficient amounts are secreted

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd