Vertebrate kidney, Biology

Assignment Help:

Vertebrate Kidney

Typically, all vertebrates have a pair of kidneys, which function on the filtration - reabsorption - secretion principle. Only in a few teleost fishes, the kidney is aglomerular (without a glomerulus) and functions on the absorption - reabsorption - secretion principle as in the malpighian tubules of insects. The functional unit of the vertebrate kidney is the nephron or the uriniferous tubule. A small fish may have only a few dozen nephrons in its kidneys; a large mammal may have several million.  A mammalis nephron begins with the renal corpuscle or the Malpighian body which consists of a double-walled cup, the Bowman's capsule, enclosing a knot of blood capillaries called glomeplus.

359_Vertebrate Kidney.png

Figure:  Schematic diagram of mammalian kidney and nephoron

Blood is brought to the kidney by the renal artery which branches and sub-branches into interloper arteries and finally into the afferent arteriole which gives rise to the capillary network of the glomerulus. An efferent arteriole formed by the confluence of the capillaries takes blood away from the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule latter continues into a long convoluted tubule which is distinguished into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules respectively. The distal convoluted tubules from different nephorons join to form the collecting tubule which carry the urine into the renal pelvis from where the ureter starts. The proximal and distal tubules are present in all vertebrates, but in birds and mammals a new U-shaped hair-pin-like segment called Henle's loop is present between proximal and the distal tubules. In the following section we shall study structural variations in the vertebrate kidney.


Related Discussions:- Vertebrate kidney

Locomotion in protozoa, give a detail account of modes of locomotion in pro...

give a detail account of modes of locomotion in protozoa

Similarities in body parts often indicate shared ancestry, Similarities in ...

Similarities in body parts often indicate shared ancestry. Which of the following is true? Structures used for different purposes in different groups can be controlled by the same

Gases, GASES There are 4 gases in the protoplasm which remain dissol...

GASES There are 4 gases in the protoplasm which remain dissolved in its free water. These 4 gases are follows-                  CO 2     >  O 2  > N 2  > H 2

Explain the hydration properties of proteins, Hydration Properties  Gen...

Hydration Properties  General conformation of individual proteins in solution is largely dependent on the interaction with water.  The progressive hydration of proteins startin

What do you man by extracellular digestion, Q. Concerning extracellular dig...

Q. Concerning extracellular digestion what is meant by chemical digestion? Chemical digestion is the series of enzymatic reactions to break macromolecules into smaller ones.

Explain matching energy intake to energy expenditure, Explain Matching ener...

Explain Matching energy intake to energy expenditure? To be in energy balance, an athlete needs to consume about the same number of calories that he or she expends on a daily

Egestion, After the food intake is over, the food gets digested, assimilate...

After the food intake is over, the food gets digested, assimilated and finally egested through the kidneys and anus. The urinary system: • Filters waste materials from the blood

State in detail about rocks, State in detail about rocks A mass of mine...

State in detail about rocks A mass of mineral matter is called  rock. It may be composed of one or more minerals.  Some rocks are hard and compact e.g. granite and basalt, whil

Explain effect of temperature on the rate of enzyme action, (i) Name one fi...

(i) Name one fibrous and one globular protein. fibrous globular (ii) Outline the difference in structure between a fibrous  and a globular protein. ' shows the ef

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd