Vertebrate kidney, Biology

Assignment Help:

Vertebrate Kidney

Typically, all vertebrates have a pair of kidneys, which function on the filtration - reabsorption - secretion principle. Only in a few teleost fishes, the kidney is aglomerular (without a glomerulus) and functions on the absorption - reabsorption - secretion principle as in the malpighian tubules of insects. The functional unit of the vertebrate kidney is the nephron or the uriniferous tubule. A small fish may have only a few dozen nephrons in its kidneys; a large mammal may have several million.  A mammalis nephron begins with the renal corpuscle or the Malpighian body which consists of a double-walled cup, the Bowman's capsule, enclosing a knot of blood capillaries called glomeplus.

359_Vertebrate Kidney.png

Figure:  Schematic diagram of mammalian kidney and nephoron

Blood is brought to the kidney by the renal artery which branches and sub-branches into interloper arteries and finally into the afferent arteriole which gives rise to the capillary network of the glomerulus. An efferent arteriole formed by the confluence of the capillaries takes blood away from the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule latter continues into a long convoluted tubule which is distinguished into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules respectively. The distal convoluted tubules from different nephorons join to form the collecting tubule which carry the urine into the renal pelvis from where the ureter starts. The proximal and distal tubules are present in all vertebrates, but in birds and mammals a new U-shaped hair-pin-like segment called Henle's loop is present between proximal and the distal tubules. In the following section we shall study structural variations in the vertebrate kidney.


Related Discussions:- Vertebrate kidney

Viruses, Viruses Viruses are sub cellular, ultramicroscopic infectious...

Viruses Viruses are sub cellular, ultramicroscopic infectious agents of 20 nm-300 nm size range Many of them cause diseases like polio, dengue, small pox, measles, rabies, com

What do you meam by parthenogenesis, Q. What is parthenogenesis? Parthe...

Q. What is parthenogenesis? Parthenogenesis is the formation or reproduction of a new individual from the egg cell but without fecundation by the male gamete. According to the

5, Air Microbes

Air Microbes

Natural selection of heterogeneous environments, While describing normalisi...

While describing normalising selection it was said that in uniform environments selection limits the variability of populations and evolves a genetic homeostasis. The type of selec

Back cross, BACK CROSS When F 1  individual (Tt) is crossed with one of...

BACK CROSS When F 1  individual (Tt) is crossed with one of the two parents, either tall (TT) or dwarf (tt), such a cross is called the back cross. There are two possibilities

What are similarities between proteins, What are some similarities between ...

What are some similarities between proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids?

What is ATP which invovles in use/transfer of all cells, The use and transf...

The use and transfer of energy in all cells involves same compound, ATP. The letters ATP stand for chemical: a) Adenosine triphosphate b) Aluminum trioxide c) Atrophine t

Wind-environmental components, Wind Strong current of air is known as w...

Wind Strong current of air is known as wind, it is an important ecological factor as it affects plant life mainly on flat plains, along sea coasts and at high altitudes in moun

What is the vestibular system, What is the vestibular system? How does it o...

What is the vestibular system? How does it operate? The vestibular system is the part of the ear that participates in the control and regulation of the equilibrium of the body

Explain whipping foam method, Explain Whipping foam method? Whipping is...

Explain Whipping foam method? Whipping is the most common method used as it forms bubbles by cutting the surface and introducing air into liquid.  Repeated action makes the

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd