Vertebrate kidney, Biology

Assignment Help:

Vertebrate Kidney

Typically, all vertebrates have a pair of kidneys, which function on the filtration - reabsorption - secretion principle. Only in a few teleost fishes, the kidney is aglomerular (without a glomerulus) and functions on the absorption - reabsorption - secretion principle as in the malpighian tubules of insects. The functional unit of the vertebrate kidney is the nephron or the uriniferous tubule. A small fish may have only a few dozen nephrons in its kidneys; a large mammal may have several million.  A mammalis nephron begins with the renal corpuscle or the Malpighian body which consists of a double-walled cup, the Bowman's capsule, enclosing a knot of blood capillaries called glomeplus.

359_Vertebrate Kidney.png

Figure:  Schematic diagram of mammalian kidney and nephoron

Blood is brought to the kidney by the renal artery which branches and sub-branches into interloper arteries and finally into the afferent arteriole which gives rise to the capillary network of the glomerulus. An efferent arteriole formed by the confluence of the capillaries takes blood away from the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule latter continues into a long convoluted tubule which is distinguished into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules respectively. The distal convoluted tubules from different nephorons join to form the collecting tubule which carry the urine into the renal pelvis from where the ureter starts. The proximal and distal tubules are present in all vertebrates, but in birds and mammals a new U-shaped hair-pin-like segment called Henle's loop is present between proximal and the distal tubules. In the following section we shall study structural variations in the vertebrate kidney.


Related Discussions:- Vertebrate kidney

Describe arteriovenous continuous murmur, Describe Arteriovenous Continuous...

Describe Arteriovenous Continuous Murmur? Arteriovenous Continuous Murmur :  These can be congenital as in coronary artery fistula entering RA/RV/PA, sinus of valsalva to rig

Marine biology, What are the four characteristics that all chordates have ...

What are the four characteristics that all chordates have at some stage of their lifecycle ?

What is folic acid, What is folic acid? Why is the anemia caused by deficie...

What is folic acid? Why is the anemia caused by deficiency of folic acid known as megaloblastic anemia? The folic acid (when ionized it is known as folate) is a coenzyme that

Seed formation, What are the 3 phases of seed formation

What are the 3 phases of seed formation

Poo, BBBBBBBBBBBBBiiiiiiiiiiittttttttttcccccccchhhhhhhhhhhhhhh ass cunt.

BBBBBBBBBBBBBiiiiiiiiiiittttttttttcccccccchhhhhhhhhhhhhhh ass cunt.

Define requirements of vitamins and minerals during surgery, Define Require...

Define Requirements of Vitamins and Minerals during Surgery? Normal tissue stores of vitamins are required for the metabolism of carbohydrates and protein. Deficiency states li

Define the symptoms of dry beriberi, Define the Symptoms of Dry beriberi? ...

Define the Symptoms of Dry beriberi? Early symptoms are similar to those found in wet beriberi. The muscles become progressively wasted and weak and walking becomes difficult.

What are blood stem cells, Q. What are blood stem cells? Stem cells are...

Q. What are blood stem cells? Stem cells are undifferentiated cells able to differentiate into other kinds of specialized cells. The stem cells of the bone marrow originate

Principles of bcc, Principles of BCC · BCC should be integrated with p...

Principles of BCC · BCC should be integrated with program goals from the beginning. BCC is a necessary part of diabetes prevention, care and support programs, and providing li

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd