Ventricular septal defect (vsd), Biology

Assignment Help:

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 

In ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle. Anatomically 90 per cent of all VSD are located in  the membranous part of  the ventricular septum with a variable extension into adjoining muscular part of  the ventricular septum. Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital cardiac lesion.  

Pathophysiology and Hemodynamics 

In ventricular septal defect there is shunting of  oxygenated blood from the left to the right ventricle as the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the right ventricle. This results in passage of oxygenated blood in greater amounts from left to the right ventricle, leading to pulmonary hypertension. In extreme cases there may be only one ventricle. The muscles, hypertrophy, because of  increased pressure in the right ventricle due to left to right shunt and pulmonary resistance. The muscles of  right atrium also enlarge due  to increased pressure. If pulmonary vascular resistance increases, the left to right shunt gets reduced, resulting in right to left shunt. Unoxygenated blood then crosses to the left ventricle and enters the systemic circulation. This phenomenon is known as Eisenmenger syndrome, a combination of pulmonary hypertension with reversed shunting.  


Related Discussions:- Ventricular septal defect (vsd)

Are there living beings without cells, Are there living beings without cell...

Are there living beings without cells? Viruses are measured the only living beings that do not have cells. Viruses are constitute by genetic material (DNA or RNA) enwrapped by

Golgi apparatus, GOLGI APPARATUS Camillo Golgi in 1898 discovered a retic...

GOLGI APPARATUS Camillo Golgi in 1898 discovered a reticular structure in the cytoplasm of nerve cells with the help of metal impregnation technique using silver nitrate for whic

Cardiovascular, Describe the process of excitation-contraction coupling (EC...

Describe the process of excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) in the heart. How do adrenaline, noradrenaline and acetylcholine alter heart rate and or force?

What is supraventricular arrhythmias, Q. What is Supraventricular Arrhythmi...

Q. What is Supraventricular Arrhythmias? Such arrhythmia tend to be reduced by the vagal withdrawal accompanying the onset of exercise.This and wandering pacemakers tend to rec

Regulation of pyruvate kinase, Regulation of pyruvate kinase, pyruvate carb...

Regulation of pyruvate kinase, pyruvate carboxylase and PEP carboxykinase A) In liver,  pyruvate  kinase  is inhibited  by high levels  of ATP and alanine  so which  glycolysis

Coelenterata – General characters and classification., Coelenterata – Gener...

Coelenterata – General characters and classification.

What is neuroscience, What is Neuroscience? Theoretical, mathematical, ...

What is Neuroscience? Theoretical, mathematical, and computational approaches to queries in neuroscience are now recognized as valid by experimental physiologists. The main neu

Explain the coliforms - microbiological study of water, Explain the Colifor...

Explain the Coliforms - Microbiological Study of Water? These are widely used indicators which belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and make up about 10% of the intestinal

Explain procedure of aortic valvuloplasty, Q. Explain procedure of Aortic V...

Q. Explain procedure of Aortic Valvuloplasty? BAV is usually performed by the retrograde transarterial approach. Often another catheter is placed in the LV through transseptal

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd