Ventricular septal defect (vsd), Biology

Assignment Help:

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 

In ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle. Anatomically 90 per cent of all VSD are located in  the membranous part of  the ventricular septum with a variable extension into adjoining muscular part of  the ventricular septum. Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital cardiac lesion.  

Pathophysiology and Hemodynamics 

In ventricular septal defect there is shunting of  oxygenated blood from the left to the right ventricle as the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the right ventricle. This results in passage of oxygenated blood in greater amounts from left to the right ventricle, leading to pulmonary hypertension. In extreme cases there may be only one ventricle. The muscles, hypertrophy, because of  increased pressure in the right ventricle due to left to right shunt and pulmonary resistance. The muscles of  right atrium also enlarge due  to increased pressure. If pulmonary vascular resistance increases, the left to right shunt gets reduced, resulting in right to left shunt. Unoxygenated blood then crosses to the left ventricle and enters the systemic circulation. This phenomenon is known as Eisenmenger syndrome, a combination of pulmonary hypertension with reversed shunting.  


Related Discussions:- Ventricular septal defect (vsd)

Direction of flow, Direction of flow--either towards or away from the trans...

Direction of flow--either towards or away from the transducer (positive or negative Doppler shifts). Timing-instantaneous velocity and direction of flow throughout the various

Difference between "a" and "i" bands, DIFFERENCE S BETWEEN "A" AND "I" BAN...

DIFFERENCE S BETWEEN "A" AND "I" BANDS     A-Ban d (Anisotropic band)   I-Ban d (Isotropic band) 1. It

Botany., the evolution of gamatophyte in pteridophyte

the evolution of gamatophyte in pteridophyte

Illustrate pulmonary artery enlargement, Q. Illustrate Pulmonary Artery Enl...

Q. Illustrate Pulmonary Artery Enlargement? On the PA view, the pulmonary trunk is border forming for a short distance between the aortic knuckle and the left atrial appendage.

List the steps of mitosis, Q. List the steps of mitosis and briefly describ...

Q. List the steps of mitosis and briefly describe what happens in each.

Is fecundation in amphibians external or internal, Is fecundation in amphib...

Is fecundation in amphibians external or internal? In this aspect are amphibians evolutionarily proximal to fishes or to reptiles? In the majority of the amphibian species fec

test the hypothesis , A classic study of extrasensory perception tests the...

A classic study of extrasensory perception tests the ability of one person to read another's mind. The test uses five cards with different designs, all known to both participants.

Taxonomy, . Explain why the traditional classification of unicellular euka...

. Explain why the traditional classification of unicellular eukaryotes as ‘protozoa’ or ‘protists’ is invalid in terms of modern systematics and evolutionary theory. Why are trad

Explain about regenerative therapy, Explain about Regenerative therapy   ...

Explain about Regenerative therapy   Is also used to achieve the above objectives but with the ultimate goal of regeneration of lost bone tissue.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd