Ventricular septal defect (vsd), Biology

Assignment Help:

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 

In ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle. Anatomically 90 per cent of all VSD are located in  the membranous part of  the ventricular septum with a variable extension into adjoining muscular part of  the ventricular septum. Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital cardiac lesion.  

Pathophysiology and Hemodynamics 

In ventricular septal defect there is shunting of  oxygenated blood from the left to the right ventricle as the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the right ventricle. This results in passage of oxygenated blood in greater amounts from left to the right ventricle, leading to pulmonary hypertension. In extreme cases there may be only one ventricle. The muscles, hypertrophy, because of  increased pressure in the right ventricle due to left to right shunt and pulmonary resistance. The muscles of  right atrium also enlarge due  to increased pressure. If pulmonary vascular resistance increases, the left to right shunt gets reduced, resulting in right to left shunt. Unoxygenated blood then crosses to the left ventricle and enters the systemic circulation. This phenomenon is known as Eisenmenger syndrome, a combination of pulmonary hypertension with reversed shunting.  


Related Discussions:- Ventricular septal defect (vsd)

File & chemical removal of gutta percha-endodontics, File  & chemical remov...

File  & chemical removal of gutta percha: -    K-type file & chloroform is the best choice in small and curved canals. -    The pulp chamber floated with chloroform, then k-typ

Polytene chromosomes, PO L YTEN E CHROMOSOMES First seen by Balb...

PO L YTEN E CHROMOSOMES First seen by Balbiani in salivary glands of larva of Chironomus insect (belongs to order Diptera). Later on such chromosomes observed in severa

Determine the glycogen receptors in the plasma membranes, Which of the foll...

Which of the following serves as an effector, or as part of an effector, that functions in a negative feedback system? A. Glycogen Receptors in the plasma membranes of liver ce

Determine the following term - amniote egg, Determine the following term - ...

Determine the following term - Amniote egg Eggs that shelter the developing embryo in a water-filled sac—the amnion. Characteristic of the amniote animals, which include reptil

What is cloning, What is cloning? The Cloning is the making of an organ...

What is cloning? The Cloning is the making of an organism genetically identical to another by means of genetic engineering. The foundation of cloning is the nucleus transpla

Define hydration properties of proteins, Define Hydration Properties of Pro...

Define Hydration Properties of Proteins? General conformation of individual proteins in solution is largely dependent on the interaction with water. The progressive hydration o

Is fecundation in amphibians internal or external, Q. Is fecundation in amp...

Q. Is fecundation in amphibians internal or external? In this aspect are amphibians evolutionarily proximal to fishes or to reptiles? In the majority of the amphibian species f

Determine about the degenerative diseases, Determine about the degenerative...

Determine about the degenerative diseases Immune responses in brain can quickly spiral out of control and cause further harm. In degenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, Alz

The eye, In the eyes light energy is converted to a generator potential in ...

In the eyes light energy is converted to a generator potential in which region

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd