Ventricular septal defect (vsd), Biology

Assignment Help:

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 

In ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle. Anatomically 90 per cent of all VSD are located in  the membranous part of  the ventricular septum with a variable extension into adjoining muscular part of  the ventricular septum. Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital cardiac lesion.  

Pathophysiology and Hemodynamics 

In ventricular septal defect there is shunting of  oxygenated blood from the left to the right ventricle as the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the right ventricle. This results in passage of oxygenated blood in greater amounts from left to the right ventricle, leading to pulmonary hypertension. In extreme cases there may be only one ventricle. The muscles, hypertrophy, because of  increased pressure in the right ventricle due to left to right shunt and pulmonary resistance. The muscles of  right atrium also enlarge due  to increased pressure. If pulmonary vascular resistance increases, the left to right shunt gets reduced, resulting in right to left shunt. Unoxygenated blood then crosses to the left ventricle and enters the systemic circulation. This phenomenon is known as Eisenmenger syndrome, a combination of pulmonary hypertension with reversed shunting.  


Related Discussions:- Ventricular septal defect (vsd)

Biogeochemical cycle, The cyclic exchange of nutrient material between orga...

The cyclic exchange of nutrient material between organisms and non-living  environment is called biogeochemical  cycle ,'geo means earth: ''chemical' means chemical elements, thus

Show some examples of migratory animals, Q. What are some examples of migra...

Q. What are some examples of migratory animals? Instance of the migratory animals are southern right whales from Antarctica, that procreate on the Brazilian coast; the migrator

Explain lipids, Explain lipids? Lipids : Lipids function as energy-sto...

Explain lipids? Lipids : Lipids function as energy-storing molecules such as fats and oils, protective waxes, digestive tract lubricants, heat insulation such as whale blubber

The cell membrane or plasma membrane ruptures, What happens when the cell m...

What happens when the cell membrane or plasma membrane ruptures or breaks down? When cell membrane ruptures Ions leek out and if not repaired in time the cell will die. As we k

How do you determine if a molecule is polar or non-polar, How do you determ...

How do you determine if a molecule is polar or non-polar? A polar molecule is a molecule that has a net dipole moment because of its having unsymmetrical polar bonds

Define nutrient requirements during the periods of pregnancy, Define nutrie...

Define nutrient requirements during the periods of pregnancy? In the previous unit, we learnt about the basic principles of meal planning and the various considerations and gui

Explain radiology, Radiology is a medical specialty that employs the use of...

Radiology is a medical specialty that employs the use of imaging to both diagnose and treat disease visualised within the human body. Radiologists use an array of imaging technolog

Determine the stage 1 implant surgery, Determine the stage 1 implant surger...

Determine the stage 1 implant surgery Following stage 1 surgery, prior to commencing on the prosthetic procedures in the conventional loading protocol it is critical that the s

Stereochemistry of amino acids - optical properties, Stereochemistry of Ami...

Stereochemistry of Amino Acids: Optical Properties All  amino acids (except glycine) rotate the plane of polarized light because of  the presence of an asymmetric center at C-2

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd