Ventricular septal defect (vsd), Biology

Assignment Help:

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 

In ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle. Anatomically 90 per cent of all VSD are located in  the membranous part of  the ventricular septum with a variable extension into adjoining muscular part of  the ventricular septum. Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital cardiac lesion.  

Pathophysiology and Hemodynamics 

In ventricular septal defect there is shunting of  oxygenated blood from the left to the right ventricle as the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the right ventricle. This results in passage of oxygenated blood in greater amounts from left to the right ventricle, leading to pulmonary hypertension. In extreme cases there may be only one ventricle. The muscles, hypertrophy, because of  increased pressure in the right ventricle due to left to right shunt and pulmonary resistance. The muscles of  right atrium also enlarge due  to increased pressure. If pulmonary vascular resistance increases, the left to right shunt gets reduced, resulting in right to left shunt. Unoxygenated blood then crosses to the left ventricle and enters the systemic circulation. This phenomenon is known as Eisenmenger syndrome, a combination of pulmonary hypertension with reversed shunting.  


Related Discussions:- Ventricular septal defect (vsd)

Harshey-chase experiement, What is the Harshey-chase experiement .explain i...

What is the Harshey-chase experiement .explain in detail

Back cross, BACK CROSS When F 1  individual (Tt) is crossed with one of...

BACK CROSS When F 1  individual (Tt) is crossed with one of the two parents, either tall (TT) or dwarf (tt), such a cross is called the back cross. There are two possibilities

Flowering and endogenous rhythms, Flowering and Endogenous Rhythms Th...

Flowering and Endogenous Rhythms The last four decades of studies in animals and plant physiology have clearly established the existence of a biological clock mechanism to me

How does the inflammation mechanism work, Q. How does the inflammation mech...

Q. How does the inflammation mechanism work? When some tissue injury other vasoactive and occurs histamine substances (called mediators of inflammation) are released, they caus

What are the terms used in sterilization, Q. What are the terms used in ste...

Q. What are the terms used in sterilization? Sterilization: It is defined as freeing the object or substance from all life of any kind. It is defined alternatively as the

Concept of recombination frequency used in genetic mapping, How can the con...

How can the concept of recombination frequency be used in genetic mapping? The Genetic mapping is the determination of the location of the genes in a chromosome. Besides determ

Fin Fish, What are five fin fish found in the North-East United States?

What are five fin fish found in the North-East United States?

Show the directly visible chemical characters, Q. Show the Directly Visible...

Q. Show the Directly Visible Chemical Characters? Very few chemical substances in plants can be observed directly, but the few substances such, starch grains which are pres

Phenology of different species, Phenology of Different Species The phe...

Phenology of Different Species The phenology of different species present in a community may differ from each other significantly. It is these phenological changes which give

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd