Ventricular septal defect (vsd), Biology

Assignment Help:

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 

In ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle. Anatomically 90 per cent of all VSD are located in  the membranous part of  the ventricular septum with a variable extension into adjoining muscular part of  the ventricular septum. Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital cardiac lesion.  

Pathophysiology and Hemodynamics 

In ventricular septal defect there is shunting of  oxygenated blood from the left to the right ventricle as the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the right ventricle. This results in passage of oxygenated blood in greater amounts from left to the right ventricle, leading to pulmonary hypertension. In extreme cases there may be only one ventricle. The muscles, hypertrophy, because of  increased pressure in the right ventricle due to left to right shunt and pulmonary resistance. The muscles of  right atrium also enlarge due  to increased pressure. If pulmonary vascular resistance increases, the left to right shunt gets reduced, resulting in right to left shunt. Unoxygenated blood then crosses to the left ventricle and enters the systemic circulation. This phenomenon is known as Eisenmenger syndrome, a combination of pulmonary hypertension with reversed shunting.  


Related Discussions:- Ventricular septal defect (vsd)

Disorders of lower respiratory tract, DISORDERS OF LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT:...

DISORDERS OF LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT: The lower respiratory  tract infections  tend to occur most frequently in young children who have not developed resistance  to infectious

What are the major complications of diabetes mellitus, Q. Why do diabetic p...

Q. Why do diabetic patients often undergo dietary sugar restriction? What are the major complications of diabetes mellitus? Diabetic patients are frequently advised to ingest f

Determine the concepts of soil fertility, Determine the Concepts of Soil Fe...

Determine the Concepts of Soil Fertility  The soil fertility evaluation can be assessed by having an idea of the amount of nutrient which will be required for the growth of pla

Pericardiocentesis, Pericardiocentesis It is removal of fluid form the...

Pericardiocentesis It is removal of fluid form the pericardial sac. It is a specialized procedure done n ICU or cardiac cath lab or OT. A 16 or 18 gauge needle is inserted

What about whale fins compared to fish fins, Q. Are the limbs modified into...

Q. Are the limbs modified into wings of bats and the wings of birds instance of evolutionary homology or analogy? What about whale fins compared to fish fins? Bird and Bat wing

Ribosomes, Ribosomes - It is also known as Protein factory, Engine ...

Ribosomes - It is also known as Protein factory, Engine of the cell. Ribosomes are smallest cell organelles (150 x 250 Å). Unit membrane less cell organelle. Ribo

Explain the nutritional management of eating disorders, Explain the Nutriti...

Explain the Nutritional Management of Eating Disorders? Good nutritional management of patients with eating disorders requires attention to a number of areas. It is important t

Explain precautions for gram staining of bacterial cultures, Explain Precau...

Explain Precautions for Gram Staining of Bacterial Cultures? 1. The dilutions should be chosen on the basis of expected counts in the food sample. 2. Food should be kept in

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd