Ventricular septal defect (vsd), Biology

Assignment Help:

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 

In ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle. Anatomically 90 per cent of all VSD are located in  the membranous part of  the ventricular septum with a variable extension into adjoining muscular part of  the ventricular septum. Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital cardiac lesion.  

Pathophysiology and Hemodynamics 

In ventricular septal defect there is shunting of  oxygenated blood from the left to the right ventricle as the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the right ventricle. This results in passage of oxygenated blood in greater amounts from left to the right ventricle, leading to pulmonary hypertension. In extreme cases there may be only one ventricle. The muscles, hypertrophy, because of  increased pressure in the right ventricle due to left to right shunt and pulmonary resistance. The muscles of  right atrium also enlarge due  to increased pressure. If pulmonary vascular resistance increases, the left to right shunt gets reduced, resulting in right to left shunt. Unoxygenated blood then crosses to the left ventricle and enters the systemic circulation. This phenomenon is known as Eisenmenger syndrome, a combination of pulmonary hypertension with reversed shunting.  


Related Discussions:- Ventricular septal defect (vsd)

Explain aortic valvuloplasty, Q. Explain Aortic Valvuloplasty? Valvar a...

Q. Explain Aortic Valvuloplasty? Valvar aortic stenosis accounts for 4-6 per cent of CHD. LV Outflow Tract obstruction eventually leads to LV dysfunction and congestive heart f

The mechanism that ensures mendels first law, What is the mechanism that en...

What is the mechanism that ensures Mendel's First Law of segregation?

Nutrient requirements for preterm and low birth weight, Define the Nutrient...

Define the Nutrient requirements for preterm and low birth weight? Energy: For preterm infants 1.20 Kcal/kg/day,            For normal infants 108 Kcal/ kg/ day. Proteins

Define the incubator - food microbiology, Define the Incubator - Food Micro...

Define the Incubator - Food Microbiology? The growth of the microorganisms is altered by the chemical and physical nature of its surrounding. Most important environmental featu

What do biomass pyramids represent, What do biomass pyramids represent? ...

What do biomass pyramids represent? The Biomass pyramids represent the sum of the masses of the individuals that participate in each trophic level of a food chain.

Causes of heart failure, It is important to recognise underlying causes and...

It is important to recognise underlying causes and precipitating factors of heart failure for its appropriate management. That would also help in prevention and treatment of heart

Compare and contrast the effect of a deletion, Compare and contrast the eff...

Compare and contrast the effect of a deletion in the operator of the lactose operon with one in the operator of the histidine operon.

Economic and ecological importance of molluscs, Q. What are examples of the...

Q. What are examples of the economic and ecological importance of molluscs? Molluscs are important players in several food chains in ecosystems. Many marine molluscs are part o

What is the ecological role of earthworms, Q. What is the ecological role o...

Q. What is the ecological role of earthworms? Earthworms have an important ecological role as they eat decomposing organic material. They also dig tunnels in the subsoil allowi

Artificial parthenogenesis, Artificial Parthenogenesis In various cas...

Artificial Parthenogenesis In various cases, the eggs that normally develop only after fertilisation can be experimentally induced to develop parthenogenetically by specific

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd