Ventricular septal defect (vsd), Biology

Assignment Help:

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 

In ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle. Anatomically 90 per cent of all VSD are located in  the membranous part of  the ventricular septum with a variable extension into adjoining muscular part of  the ventricular septum. Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital cardiac lesion.  

Pathophysiology and Hemodynamics 

In ventricular septal defect there is shunting of  oxygenated blood from the left to the right ventricle as the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the right ventricle. This results in passage of oxygenated blood in greater amounts from left to the right ventricle, leading to pulmonary hypertension. In extreme cases there may be only one ventricle. The muscles, hypertrophy, because of  increased pressure in the right ventricle due to left to right shunt and pulmonary resistance. The muscles of  right atrium also enlarge due  to increased pressure. If pulmonary vascular resistance increases, the left to right shunt gets reduced, resulting in right to left shunt. Unoxygenated blood then crosses to the left ventricle and enters the systemic circulation. This phenomenon is known as Eisenmenger syndrome, a combination of pulmonary hypertension with reversed shunting.  


Related Discussions:- Ventricular septal defect (vsd)

What is recombination frequency?, What is recombination frequency? The ...

What is recombination frequency? The Recombination frequency, or crossing over rate, is the percentage of recombinant gametes made by crossing over (in relation to the number o

Meningocele, Meningocele In this the meninges protrude through the op...

Meningocele In this the meninges protrude through the opening in the vertebrae generally in the lower back. The sac contains meninges and cerebrospinal fluid. The sac may

Lipid digestion, Lipid Digestion Digestion of fats is also similar in...

Lipid Digestion Digestion of fats is also similar in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Lipases are the - enzymes that hydrolyse fats. A single lipase can catalyse many step

In which field dietetics related, The field of  dietetics can be related to...

The field of  dietetics can be related to: Nutrition care and intervention focused on the individual, and Nutrition care and intervention focused on the group.

Explain group specificity, Group  specificity Some enzymes prefer a sp...

Group  specificity Some enzymes prefer a specific functional group to be present\%on  the substrate molecules. Example:- alcohol dehydrogenase  acts on alcohols having  -OH  gr

Metabolism of lipids, The three main forms of fat found in food are glyceri...

The three main forms of fat found in food are glycerides (principally triacylglycerol [triglyceride], the form in which fat is stored for fuel), the phospholipids, and the sterols

Define the single cell proteins (scp), Define the Single Cell Proteins (SCP...

Define the Single Cell Proteins (SCP)? You may have heard of SCP. What is a single cell protein? Let's find out. The term SCP was coined by Prof. Caroll Wilson (MIT) in 1966. I

Show the extracellular digestion related to tissue, Q. How is extracellular...

Q. How is extracellular digestion related to tissue and cellular specialization? A variety of specialized tissues and cells appeared with extracellular digestion to provide enz

What is biotechnology, What is biotechnology? The Biotechnology is the ...

What is biotechnology? The Biotechnology is the application of biological knowledge to obtain new techniques, materials and compounds of pharmaceutical, medical, agrarian, indu

Show the major proteins that constitute the sarcomere, Q. What are the majo...

Q. What are the major proteins that constitute the sarcomere? What is the function of those molecules in the muscle cells? In the sarcomere there are organized myosin and actin

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd