Ventricular septal defect (vsd), Biology

Assignment Help:

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) 

In ventricular septal defect there is abnormal communication between right and left ventricle. Anatomically 90 per cent of all VSD are located in  the membranous part of  the ventricular septum with a variable extension into adjoining muscular part of  the ventricular septum. Ventricular septal defect is the most common congenital cardiac lesion.  

Pathophysiology and Hemodynamics 

In ventricular septal defect there is shunting of  oxygenated blood from the left to the right ventricle as the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the right ventricle. This results in passage of oxygenated blood in greater amounts from left to the right ventricle, leading to pulmonary hypertension. In extreme cases there may be only one ventricle. The muscles, hypertrophy, because of  increased pressure in the right ventricle due to left to right shunt and pulmonary resistance. The muscles of  right atrium also enlarge due  to increased pressure. If pulmonary vascular resistance increases, the left to right shunt gets reduced, resulting in right to left shunt. Unoxygenated blood then crosses to the left ventricle and enters the systemic circulation. This phenomenon is known as Eisenmenger syndrome, a combination of pulmonary hypertension with reversed shunting.  


Related Discussions:- Ventricular septal defect (vsd)

Spatial conformation like an enzymatic substrate, Q. For the enzymatic reac...

Q. For the enzymatic reaction what is the effect of a substance with the same spatial conformation like an enzymatic substrate? How is this kind of substance known? Substances

Infructescences- pseudofruits and parthenocarpic fruits, What are the infru...

What are the infructescences, pseudofruits and parthenocarpic fruits? The Infructescences are aggregated fruits formed from inflorescences, aggregated flowers. Grape clusters a

What are monosaccharides and polysaccharides, What are monosaccharides, oli...

What are monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides? Monosaccharides are normal molecules of carbohydrates that cannot be broken into smaller molecules of other carb

Cavities in cork, Q. In 1665 Robert Hooke, an English scientist, published ...

Q. In 1665 Robert Hooke, an English scientist, published his book Micrographia, in which he explained that pieces of cork viewed under the microscope presented small cavities simil

Give the genotypes, Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder associ...

Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with a gene on chromosome 4. Sickle cell anemia is due to a gene on chromosome 11. A man and a woman with achondroplasia

Major classes into which the phylum is divided, Q What are the major classe...

Q What are the major classes into which the phylum is divided? What are the few examples of each and in which form (polyp or medusae) are they found? Coelenterates are divided

Describe cardiac rewabilptation and its various effects, Describe cardiac r...

Describe cardiac rewabilptation and its various effects ? A survival benefit cannot be attributed solely to exercise training because many studies involved multifunctional inte

Can you explain yersinia enterocolitica gastroenteritis, Q. Can you explain...

Q. Can you explain Yersinia Enterocolitica Gastroenteritis? Yersiniosis is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium of the genus Yersinia. Most human illness is caus

Main cytoplasmic structures present in animal cells, What are the main cyto...

What are the main cytoplasmic structures present in animal cells? Ans) The major cytoplasmic structures of the cell are the centrioles, the cytoskeleton, lysosomes, mitochondria

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd